Tulane University

Source Identification via Path-Wise Gradient Estimation

Abstract. In the context of PDE-constrained optimization theory, source identification problems traditionally entail particles emerging from an unknown source distribution inside a domain, moving according to a prescribed stochastic process, e.g., Brownian motion, and then exitin...

Analysts’ use of toxic emissions data

Purpose This study examines whether financial analysts function as information intermediaries by incorporating Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) data into their assessments of firms' environmental risks, as reflected in earnings forecasts and stock recommendations. It further invest...

Caregivers in a Haystack? Informatics‐Driven Clinical Trial Enrollment of Dementia Caregivers at Medical Visits

BACKGROUND: Caregiving status is not routinely documented during clinical care, rendering caregivers difficult to identify for research and supportive interventions. We describe two informatics-based strategies for identifying dementia caregivers at their own or their care recipi...

Multirate Runge–Kutta for Nonlinearly Partitioned Systems

Abstract. Multirate integration is an increasingly relevant tool that enables scientists to simulate multiphysics systems. Existing multirate methods are designed for equations whose fast and slow variables can be linearly separated using additive or componentwise partitions. How...

Support Seeking and Mental Health Risk by Sexual Identity Among US Adolescents

This survey study evaluates the association between the presence of supportive relationships and risk of major depressive episode, suicide ideation, or suicide plan among youth participants in the 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.

Epistemological Anatomy: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Anatomical Knowledge

Anatomy is often regarded as settled knowledge. Yet anatomical propositions differ enormously in their evidentiary foundations, while textbooks and atlases frequently present them with similar certainty. How, then, does an anatomical observation become anatomical knowledge? We in...

Autophagy regulates the hepatic protein acetylation through modulating acetyl-CoA metabolite

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential for hepatic protein function and signaling. While autophagy regulates the hepatic proteome through degradation and transcriptional control, its role in PTMs remains unclear. Using genetic and pharmacological models, w...

Near point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests (NPOC-NAATs) using respiratory specimens for detection of pulmonary tuberculosis

RATIONALE: Near point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests (NPOC-NAATs) are a new class of diagnostics that can be used for tuberculosis diagnosis. NPOC-NAATs are suitable for use in peripheral levels of healthcare systems as they are battery-operated instrument-based tests w...

It Must Have Been Love (But It's Over Now): Thematic Changes in Popular U.S. Song Lyrics Across 4+ Decades

Over time, U.S. marriage rates have decreased, as people increasingly expect romantic relationships to satisfy high-level needs. Concurrently, interest in sexualized relationships (e.g., hook-ups; consensual nonmonogamy) has increased. Reflecting these patterns over time, song ly...

Klebsiella pneumoniae from community-acquired infections and an urban river share antimicrobial resistance profiles and high-risk lineages but differ in virulence

Abstract Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a significant public health threat, but the relationship between community-acquired (CA) infections and environmental isolates remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether K. pneumoniae from CA infections share micr...

Multi-omics analyses reveal key immunological and metabolic correlates of mortality in HIV-associated Pneumocystis pneumonia

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) remains a major cause of life-threatening respiratory failure in people with advanced HIV, yet the biological factors associated with mortality are incompletely understood. We performed integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic p...

Diagnostic accuracy of deep learning applied to liver MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma detection: a systematic review and HSROC meta-analysis of patient-level evidence

Abstract Background Liver MRI is central to non-invasive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Deep learning (DL) is increasingly studied for detection and interpretation, but the maturity, transportability, and patient-level diagnostic evidence for these systems remain uncer...

Grief in Neurosurgery: Reframing Loss and Identity Through Lived Experience.

Grief is an under-recognized yet pervasive experience in neurosurgery, arising not only from the death of patients and loved ones but also from losses related to professional identity, health, and personal relationships. Despite its relevance, grief is often conflated with burnou...

Global mangrove distribution on the open coast is controlled by waves

Abstract Mangrove forests are ecologically important ecosystems that provide services such as coastal protection 1 and climate change mitigation 2 . Understanding why mangroves are present at a location can provide causal links for mangrove management, restoration science 3 and c...

Postoperative wound dehiscence and fistulas after short-interval hysterectomy following bariatric surgery

The effect of bariatric procedures on outcomes of gynecologic surgery is poorly defined. A 47-year-old underwent a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, followed seven weeks later by elective abdominal hysterectomy. An appendectomy was performed for appendiceal adhesions to the...

Intravascular imaging in myocardial infarction and ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries

Abstract Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) and angina or ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA/INOCA) are heterogeneous syndromes that cannot be adequately characterized by coronary angiography alone. Optical coherence tomography...

Interleukin-17A directly triggers Epstein-Barr virus lytic reactivation in latency I human B-cell models

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human gammaherpesvirus implicated in inflammatory, malignant, and autoimmune diseases. Although EBV toggles between latent and lytic states, the host cues controlling this switch remain incompletely defined. Interleukin-17A (IL-17...

Postpartum integration of infant vaccines and contraception through gender transformative programming: A cluster randomized trial in India

Barriers to using contraception in India include norms that promote gender inequality by restricting mobility of women to reach health clinics. We evaluated whether PIVoT (Postpartum Integration of Vaccines and contraception through gender-Transformative programming) improves con...

The anthropogenic fingerprint on emerging infectious diseases

Abstract Emerging infectious diseases are a hallmark of the Anthropocene 1,2 . Human-driven ecosystem changes and human–wildlife–livestock contact can drive the emergence of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases 3–5 , but how much these processes shape landscapes of outbreak risk is...

The Carbonate Raman Processing and Plotting Tool: A Software Application for 2‐Dimensional Raman Image Peak‐Fitting and Visualization

ABSTRACT We present the Carbonate Raman Processing and Plotting tool (CaRPP), designed to perform peak‐fitting and visualization on two‐dimensional Raman maps of calcium carbonate specimens. The CaRPP software enhances transparency and image‐processing capabilities specific to ca...