Tohoku University Hospital

The Evolution of Neoadjuvant Treatment for Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Past Achievements, Current Standards, and Future Perspectives

Neoadjuvant treatment has become an integral component of multidisciplinary management for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Over recent decades, treatment has evolved from surgery alone to postoperative chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, intensified syst...

Relationship Between Anterior–Posterior Plantar Reaction Force Distribution and Gait Speed in Post-Stroke Patients

Background: Gait speed is an important indicator of walking ability in post-stroke patients. Although gait speed is associated with anterior–posterior reaction force (AP RF), how AP RF is distributed across the plantar surface and whether this distribution is associated with gait...

Neglected carbonation effect on moisture profiles in hardened cement paste during short-term drying

This study investigates the influence of atmospheric CO₂ on moisture transport during drying in cementitious pastes with different microstructures, namely ordinary Portland cement (OPC), volcanic glass powder (VGP), and limestone-calcined clay cement (LC 3 ) pastes. To isolate th...

Potent Antivirals for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Detected via Peptide-Based Fusion Inhibitor Screening

Abstract The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes fatal pneumonia in neonates, infants, and older adults. However, no approved antiviral drugs exist for RSV; furthermore, the currently available antibody-based therapies are expensive and do not provide complete protection aga...

Mastication‐Induced Brain Blood Flow Changes Before and After Surgical‐Orthodontic Treatment in Skeletal Class III Patients: A Pilot Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACT Background Mandibular prognathism attenuates chewing‐induced brain blood flow (BBF) in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, correlating with compromised masticatory function and cognitive performance. Surgical orthodontic treatment restores skeletal and occlusal relatio...

Raman Enhancement of Molecules Sandwiched between van der Waals Materials

Abstract Raman enhancement has been widely observed for molecules adsorbed on van der Waals (vdW) materials including graphene, MoS2, hexagonal boron nitride, and transition-metal dichalcogenides. This enhancement is often dominated by a chemical mechanism. However, how the Raman...

Indoor air pollutants and blood pressure in toddlers: data from the Japan environment and children’s study

Abstract Background Hypertension in childhood has been recognized as an early marker of future cardiovascular risk, and blood pressure trajectories are known to track from early life into adulthood. Environmental exposures during early childhood, particularly indoor air pollutant...

Timing of Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury According to Developmental Stage in Japanese Female Athletes

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the timing of high incidence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes by developmental stage. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Orthopedic clinic specializing in sports injuries. Participants: The st...

Transcriptomic analysis defines gestation-specific programs of fetal liver maturation in premature sheep

Abstract Background: Fetal liver maturation is essential for postnatal metabolic, synthetic, detoxification, and immune function. Disruption of this process by preterm birth contributes to hypoglycemia, impaired detoxification, and immune immaturity. However, the transcriptional...

Nature of the Localized V 3 d Electrons in Mo- and W-Doped BiVO4 Revealed by Soft X-ray Photoemission and Absorption Spectroscopy

Abstract We have investigated the effects of Mo and W doping on BiVO4 by means of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The V 2p XPS spectra indicate that the substitution of W6+ and Mo6+ for V5+ induces the formation of V4+ species. In a...

Enantioselective and Divergent Synthesis of Propargylamides and Allenamides from Alkynyl Diazoketones and Anilines via Organocatalytic Wolff Rearrangements

Abstract Chiral allenes and alkynes are privileged scaffolds in natural products and pharmaceuticals. Although significant advances have been achieved in catalytic asymmetric synthesis from diazo compounds, selectively achieving high levels of both enantioselectivity and regiosel...

IR Spectroscopy of Gas-Phase Protonated Water–Acetonitrile Clusters: Comparison of the Clusters in the Condensed Phase and Gas Phase

Abstract We performed infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and theoretical computations on gas-phase protonated water–acetonitrile clusters, H+[(H2O)m(CH3CN)n] (m = 1, n = 1–3; m = 2, n = 1–6; and m = 3, n = 5), to determine their cluster structures and compared their infrared...

Event-related potentials to emotional incongruence in dogs using non-invasive EEG

Abstract Previous behavioral and autonomic studies suggest that dogs are sensitive to their human emotional expressions, yet the neural mechanisms underlying how such information is processed across modalities remain unclear. This study investigated whether dogs exhibit different...

Posttraumatic Stress Dynamics and 15-Year Persistence in Great East Japan Earthquake Survivors

Importance Long-term persistence of posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSRs) is a major public health challenge, yet early prognostic markers for decadal outcomes remain poorly characterized. Specifically, the importance of early symptom fluctuations compared with initial cross-sec...

Building a Physics-Aware AI Ecosystem for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Materials

Abstract Hydrogen storage remains a central bottleneck for scalable hydrogen energy systems due to the multiscale and coupled nature of the thermodynamics, kinetics, and microstructural evolution of hydrogen storage materials (HSMs). Although artificial intelligence (AI) has acce...

Empowering PolymericMaterials Discovery by ArtificialIntelligence

Abstract Polymeric materials underpin modern technologies spanning energy storage, microelectronics, healthcare and sustainable manufacturing. Yet their rational design remains exceptionally challenging because material performance emerges from complex interactions among molecula...

Wide-field magnetic imaging of shielding-current-driven vortex rearrangement under local heating using diamond quantum sensors

Understanding and controlling vortex motion in superconductors are important both for suppressing dissipation in superconducting devices and for device applications that exploit vortices. In this work, we quantitatively imaged the stray magnetic field distribution of vortices in...

Balanced ElectronDonation Governs Adsorption SiteSelection in CO2 Electroreduction to HCOOH on TransitionMetal-Doped Magnesium Oxides

Abstract Magnesium oxide (MgO) is attractive for CO2 utilization, because interaction with O2. However, the electronic inertness has limited its application in electrochemical catalysis. Herein, spin-polarized dDFT calculations with the BEEF-vdW functional were performed to evalu...

Associations of neurodevelopmental traits and adverse childhood experiences with problem gambling: A nationwide cross‐sectional study

Abstract Aim Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a recognized related factor for gambling problems. Although ADHD frequently co‐occurs with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), the interaction of these factors on gambling has not...

Predicting Poor Efficacy of Cabozantinib in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma by Exploratory Metabolic Pathway Analysis and In Vitro Verification

ABSTRACT Background Cabozantinib (CABO) is currently an essential drug for first‐line and sequential therapy in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Predicting its therapeutic efficacy will enable efficient drug selection and improve the prognosis of patients. We...