Sichuan Fire Research Institute

Flame Retardancy of Vinyl Acetate–Ethylene Emulsion Adhesives Modified with Intumescent Flame Retardants and Fly Ash

Vinyl acetate–ethylene copolymer emulsion (VAE) adhesives are widely used in formaldehyde-free wood-based panels and coating systems, but their inherent flammability limits broader application in fire-safety-demanding fields. In this work, fly ash (FA), an industrial solid waste...