Shell (Netherlands)

Techno-Economic Analysis of Low-Temperature Alkaline Ammonia Electrolysis Using a Gross Margin Model

Abstract Ammonia has become a promising hydrogen carrier because of its high hydrogen density, established infrastructure, and easier liquefaction compared with hydrogen. Although thermal cracking is currently the main method for extracting hydrogen from ammonia, it is energy int...

Scientific perspectives on in vivo developmental neurotoxicity testing: study design, regulatory context, and future directions

Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) potential of (agro)chemicals is assessed in rodents according to OECD Test Guidelines (TG) 426 (DNT) or 443 (Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity; EOGRTS) incorporating a DNT cohort. While the EOGRTS evaluates reproductive and neurotoxic...

The Behavior of N2 and CO2 Foams under Varying Pressure Conditions

Abstract Knowledge of how CO2 foam behaves when flowing through rock is important for many CO2 Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) applications. Typically, laboratory foam flow tests are carried out at relatively low pressures as compared to reservoir pressures. However, the...

Interplay of capillary, viscous, and gravity forces on salt precipitation and injectivity loss during CO2 storage in saline aquifers

Salt precipitation during CO 2 injection into hypersaline aquifers can significantly impair injectivity. Understanding the controls on the magnitude and spatial distribution of salt precipitation is therefore critical. Here, we use TOUGH3 model to systematically investigate the c...

Directional Dependence of Gas Dispersion in Carbonates and Sandstones

Abstract This study investigates the directional dependence of gas dispersion in porous media with varying lithology and macroscopic heterogeneity. Eight rock samples, including three carbonates and five sandstones, were examined through CH4–CO2 core-flooding experiments at 300 p...

Hydrophobic promoter in physical proximity stabilizes cobalt catalysts for durable Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Cobalt catalysts have been widely studied for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, yet they gradually deactivate under water-rich reaction conditions. Current stabilization strategies rely on complex catalyst compositions or even use noble-metal promoters. Here, we demonstrate that cobalt...