ShanghaiTech University

Structural basis for loop-dependent inhibition by AcrIIC1 anti-CRISPR proteins

Most characterized anti-CRISPR proteins act via well-defined core inhibitory mechanisms, yet how auxiliary structural elements modulate and potentiate these canonical processes remains poorly understood. Here, we show that AcrIIC1Boe represses Nme1Cas9 activity through an integra...

Design and Development of the Soft X-ray Ptychographic Nanoscopy Beamline at the Hefei Advanced Light Facility

Abstract The Soft X-ray Ptychographic Nanoscopy (SoXPN) beamline, currently under construction at the Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF), features soft X-ray scanning spectral microscopy as its core functionality. Benefiting from the high brightness and highly coherent flux fro...

An ECT probe featuring array TMR sensors and a coaxial excitation for the inspection of defects beneath rivets

Detecting defects beneath rivets in multilayer metallic structures remains a challenge in eddy current testing (ECT). This paper presents a rotational eddy current probe that integrates a coaxial excitation coil with an array of high-sensitivity tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR)...

Development and Application of a High-Resolution Cryogenic STXM System at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

Abstract Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is an advanced technique for label-free chemical imaging with nanometer-scale spatial resolution which is well suited to studies of complex and heterogeneous materials. For biological and other radiation-sensitive specimens,...

Synergy of Solid-State NMR and Dielectric Spectroscopy Reveals Synchronized Multi-Rotor Dynamics in Crystalline Supramolecular Gyroscopes

Abstract Understanding the correlated dynamics of multiple molecular rotators in crystalline supramolecular assemblies is essential for designing functional molecular machines, yet deconvoluting the motions of distinct components remains inherently challenging due to the limitati...

Recognition and mechanism of M. tuberculosis cell wall galactan transport

Mycobacterial-derived lipid-linked galactan (LLG) is an essential component of the Mycobacterial tuberculosis (Mtb) cell wall core arabinogalactan (AG), a well-established virulence factor and target of anti-tubercular drugs. Cross-membrane translocation of LLG is energetically u...

GTP orchestrates CTP synthase via an allosteric effector–cycling mechanism

Cytidine triphosphate (CTP), a fundamental building block of RNA, plays vital roles in diverse biological processes. CTP synthase (CTPS) is the only known enzyme for de novo synthesis of CTP. Efficient CTPS catalysis requires guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in a dose-dependent, nonc...

Automatic Generation of Inorganic Solid‐State Electrolytes via Unified Multi‐Modal Network

ABSTRACT Accurate prediction of ion transport properties remains a key bottleneck in computational discovery of solid‐state electrolytes, particularly because experimentally measured ionic conductivities are sparse and strongly dependent on crystal structure. Here we introduce US...

Wafer-scale low-symmetry graphene moiré superlattice for integrated quantum rectifiers

Low-symmetry materials unlock rich Berry curvature physics and anomalous transport phenomena that are forbidden in high-symmetry quantum systems through rigorous crystalline symmetry constraints. Current approaches rely on external fields or complex heterogeneous stacking to brea...

Neonatal overfeeding accelerates age-related sarcopenia and metabolic disorders through lifelong gut mucosa and microbiota programming in mice

Early-life nutrition shapes lifelong health, yet the long-term consequences of childhood overnutrition, particularly on musculoskeletal aging, remain unclear. Here, we show that neonatal overfeeding acts as a developmental insult that accelerates age-related sarcopenia in both se...

High-Efficiency Switching of the Topological Antiferromagnetic State in Mn3Sn via Magnon Torques

Abstract Noncollinear antiferromagnet Mn3Sn offers a large anomalous Hall effect, zero stray field, and terahertz dynamics for high-density ultrafast memory, but switching its topological magnetic state remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate that magnon torques originating fro...

Single-Domain Orbital Angular Momentum Mapping: Advancing Photoemission Dichroism to the Nanoscale

Abstract Circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (CD-ARPES) is widely used to probe orbital angular momentum (OAM) and Berry-curvature-related phenomena in two-dimensional quantum materials. However, in many materials, conventional micron-scale measurement...

Bulk ferroelectric heterostructures

Interfaces in oxide heterostructures act as critical regions to induce emergent and novel types of functionality in thin films. Herein, we demonstrate the creation of bulk ferroelectric heterostructures (BFHs) in monolithic ferroelectrics by nanoscale elemental partitioning, unlo...

Relaxation via separable estimators: arithmetic and implementation

Abstract This article presents an arithmetic, called superposition relaxation, for bracketing the graph of a multivariate factorable function on a compact domain between a pair of underestimating and overestimating functions that are both separable. Propagation rules are establis...

DentalGEN: a large-scale controllable generative AI framework for automated dental crown restoration

Dental crown restoration addresses a global public health burden, yet is constrained by a slow, variable, and labor-intensive manual design process that limits access to high-quality treatment. Here we introduce DentalGEN, a large-scale controllable generative artificial intellig...

A low-complexity, tissue-function-guided engineering workflow for AlphaFold 3-assisted affinity maturation of a CD21 diagnostic nanobody

High-affinity antibodies with reliable tissue-staining performance are needed for reproducible immunohistochemistry (IHC), yet affinity maturation workflows often optimize recombinant-antigen binding and treat staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue as a downstream v...

No Universal Remainder Rate for Chambolle-Dossal Acceleration

Chambolle-Dossal acceleration guarantees F(x_n) - F* = o(n^(-2)) for every fixed smooth convex loss with a minimizer. We show that this qualitative improvement admits no universal quantitative rate. For every damping parameter alpha > 3 and positive nondecreasing gain G(n) tendin...

Structural insight into the activation of adenosine A2AR/A2BR by the dual-agonist MRS3997

Abstract A 1 R, A 2A R, A 2B R, and A 3 R adenosine receptors comprise a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) subfamily that regulates many bodily processes. Subtype-selective agonists potentially treat inflammatory and ischemic conditions. The dual A 2A R/A 2B R agonist MRS3997 pro...

Zero-Waiting Load Balancing with Heterogeneous Servers in Heavy Traffic

We study the steady-state delay performance of load balancing in large-scale systems with heterogeneous servers in the heavy-traffic regimes. The system consists of N servers, each with a local buffer of size b − 1, serving jobs in the first-in-first-out (FIFO) order. Jobs arrive...

Topology-Dependent Free-Energy Barriers Underlying Activity Differences in Toluene Disproportionation over HZSM-5 and HMCM-22 Zeolites

Abstract Toluene disproportionation is an important industrial route to para-xylene, in which HZSM-5 (MFI topology) and HMCM-22 (MWW topology) are two representative zeolite catalysts that exhibit pronounced differences in their catalytic activity. To understand the molecular ori...