Science Oxford

Frequency of plastic occurrence varies across phylogeny but not ecology in seabirds

Seabirds are especially vulnerable to ingesting plastic pollution. However, we have a limited understanding of which traits might increase their risk of plastic ingestion. Here, we use a dataset of seabird plastic occurrence records (93 281 birds from 240 species) to investigate...

Conformality in Hawksmoor's ceiling, the Roman Pantheon and Mercator's projection

Abstract The dome of the Roman Pantheon is coffered with ribs surrounding sunken lacunaria, thus forming a grid. How this is achieved given the curvature of the dome has long been a subject for study and speculation. Although detailed measurements now exist, thus far no single pr...

Serological and transcriptomic response of African fruit bats to immune challenge with recombinant vaccines expressing Ebola or Nipah virus antigens

Abstract Bats are hosts to diverse zoonotic viruses which can cause high case fatality rates in humans. Since detecting viruses in bats is difficult, antibodies are often used for surveillance, though their significance remains unclear in the absence of in vivo immunological stud...

A conceptual methodological approach for addressing complex interdisciplinary challenges

Abstract Complex challenges are multi-faceted and, therefore, require the input of knowledge and expertise from different disciplines. However, the prevailing structures of academic institutions tend to be based on specialized disciplinary knowledge and expertise, rather than cro...

Decoding spatial mTOR signalling reveals distinct roles in the tumour microenvironment

Abstract The tumour microenvironment comprises a variety of cell types that interact with malignant cells, influencing both cancer progression and the patient response to therapy. Given the intricate interactions among these components, assessing how signalling pathways contribut...

The genome sequence of Opomyza germinationis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Opomyzidae)

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Opomyza germinationis (Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Opomyzidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 315.94 megabases and 151.40 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (75.22%) is scaffolded into 4 chromosomal p...

Drop‐on‐Demand Printed Negative Dielectric Anisotropy Liquid Crystal Droplets for Adaptive Complex Beam Manipulation and Assessment

ABSTRACT Adaptive manipulation of vectorial optical fields is important for optical metrology, imaging, and structured light‐related applications, yet existing approaches often rely on bulky or sequentially operated systems. Here we demonstrate an inkjet‐printed negative dielectr...

Valuing five centuries of unpaid breastfeeding in England

Breastfeeding is vital and valuable labor, contributing to the physical and cognitive health of children throughout their lives, yet it is rarely compensated in formal labor markets. Its economic importance may therefore go unrecognized. We impute upper and lower bounds for the v...

School principals' burnout trajectories: Nature, predictors, and outcomes

This study seeks to achieve a dynamic person-centered understanding of the distinct burnout trajectories observed among 1574 Finnish school principals measured five times over a period of four years. Our results revealed that burnout trajectories corresponded to five main profile...

Lysosomal signaling pathways influence heart rhythm, and regulate atrial function

AIMS: In the heart, endogenous nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) triggers lysosomal calcium (Ca2+) release to augment sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ sequestration, producing larger Ca2+ transients. However, the role of lysosomal Ca2+ signals in pacemaker act...

Field-Programmable Topological Torons in Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystals

Abstract Torons are three-dimensional double-twist solitons in chiral nematic liquid crystals (LCs), bounded by closed defect loops, that behave as particle-like entities while retaining a fully reconfigurable optical response. Here, it is shown that individual torons can be crea...

The genome sequence of a soldier beetle, Cantharis decipiens Baudi, 1871 (Coleoptera: Cantharidae)

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Cantharis decipiens (Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Cantharidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 355.23 megabases. Most of the assembly (77.9%) is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex...

A hybrid multiphase model for simulating condensing gravity-driven flows

The recent increase in the use of renewable energy sources as the thermal input for power cycles has led to a paradigm shift in the operation of steam turbines, which are now required to offer increasingly higher operational flexibility. As a result, frequent shutdowns and start-...

Uncovering the role of ionic doping in hydroxyapatite: the building blocks of tooth enamel and bones

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the primary mineral component of various mineralized tissues in the human body, including bone and teeth, where it performs critical roles of structural support and load transmission. In the context of dental health, the two most crucial properties of HAp...

Western amazon 2020 extreme heatwave

Abstract Between September and November 2020, an extreme climate event characterized by the co-occurrence of severe drought, extreme heat stress, widespread burning, and respiratory health impacts affected southwestern Amazonia. This study investigated the event using an integrat...

“It All Exists Within Me”: A Qualitative Study Exploring Mental Health Service Experiences in Adults With Comorbid Eating Disorders and Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder

ABSTRACT Objective Comorbidity between Eating Disorders (ED) and Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD) is high. This comorbidity is also linked with worse outcomes for traditional evidence‐based treatments. We aimed to improve mental health service experience for adult...

Age-related changes in the gut microbiota of a long-lived seabird suggest divergence from mammalian models

Abstract Gut microbiota plays key roles in shaping host development, immunity, and physiology. The assembly of vertebrate gut microbiota during early life follows relatively predictable trajectories across several mammalian species, largely driven by maternal transmission routes....

Accurately modeling RNase H-mediated antisense oligonucleotide efficacy.

, achieving a 5.72-fold reduction in screening effort compared to random selection. ASO Atlas provides the first systematic resource to rigorously evaluate hypotheses regarding key parameters in ASO design, including sequence composition, chemical modifications, and target region...

ERIES-REVAULTS Pseudo-Dynamic tests on a full-scale masonry cross vault system: dataset

This paper presents the dataset generated within the ERIES-REVAULTs experimental campaign, aimed at investigating the in-plane shear behaviour of masonry cross vaults, representative of historic churches. In post-earthquake surveys, the damage associated with this type of mechani...

Smoking, Exhaled Carbon Monoxide, and Risk of Parkinson Disease

Importance Smoking has been associated with lower risks of Parkinson disease (PD) in epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. Objective To investigate the association of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) with risk of PD. Design, Setting, and Par...