Sandip Foundation

Structure–property–wear relationships and failure mechanisms in TiAlN, AlCrN and AlTiCrN hard coatings for cutting tool applications: A review

Hard nitride coatings are widely applied to cutting tools to improve wear resistance, thermal stability, and machining performance under severe thermo-mechanical conditions. This review critically examines TiAlN, AlCrN, and AlTiCrN coatings within a structure–property–wear–machin...

Digital-twin-enabled reinforcement learning for energy-efficient and reliability-aware software-defined electric vehicles

Software-defined electric vehicles (SDEVs) require intelligent control frameworks that simultaneously optimize energy efficiency and powertrain reliability. However, existing studies typically treat reinforcement learning, digital twins, and predictive health monitoring as separa...