Sana'a University

Synthesis of functionalized iron oxide nanocomposites for mitigating fine migration during low salinity water flooding in clay rich sandstones

Abstract The severe permeability impairment caused by clay fine migration remains a critical challenge during low salinity water injection in sandstone reservoirs. The research synthesizes and evaluates a cationic core shell nanocomposite to electrostatically stabilize clay miner...

Hybrid rank fusion of a group-token transformer with gradient boosting improves detection of evasive and novel-family malware

Static machine-learning malware detectors report near-perfect closed-set accuracy, but the malware that matters operationally is the malware that slips past detection and the malware that belongs to families never seen in training. We study both on three longitudinal benchmarks:...

A narrative review of occupational and community acquired infections among healthcare workers including exposure routes risk factors and infection prevention and control strategies from 2015 to 2025

Abstract Healthcare workers (HCWs) face infection risks through patient care, specimen processing, sharps, contaminated environments, and exposures outside healthcare settings. Vulnerability was illustrated during COVID-19, when the World Health Organization estimated that 80,000...

Dexamethasone versus triamcinolone acetonide for the management of postoperative inflammation following cataract surgery

Background: Cataract remains the leading cause of reversible blindness worldwide, particularly in low-resource settings. Effective control of postoperative inflammation is essential to prevent complications such as cystoid macular edema and raised intraocular pressure. Dexamethas...

Addiction management and rehabilitation programs in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review of current practices and opportunities for healthcare technology integration

Substance use disorders (SUDs) represent a growing public health challenge in Saudi Arabia despite strict legal and social controls. Addiction management is primarily delivered through centralized inpatient and residential rehabilitation programs; however, the available evidence...

Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and associated risk factors among medical students in the MENA region: a multinational cross-sectional study

Abstract We aimed to assess the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) among medical students in Middle East countries and its associated risk factors. A multinational cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in 8 Middle East countries. GERDQ and G...

New fixed point theorems for double generalized contraction in Banach spaces

In this work, we establish new fixed point theorems for a novel class of mappings, called double generalized contractions, in the setting of Banach spaces. We prove the existence and uniqueness of fixed points and analyze the convergence of the associated iterative schemes. Our a...

HIFN-Mamba: hybrid information flow networks with selective state-space sequence modeling for intrusion detection in the Internet of Medical Things

The exponential growth of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)—a multi-billion-device infrastructure of clinically critical sensors, monitors, and connected medical equipment—has dramatically expanded the attack surface for ransomware, lateral-movement, and protocol-specific exp...

Comparative effectiveness of statins, metformin, and vitamin D, for prevention of preeclampsia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials

Abstract Background Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet effective pharmacological preventive strategies remain uncertain. Statins, metformin, and vitamin D, alone or combined with omega-3, have been investigated for pote...

Advanced technologies and materials for hydrogen production from glucose: A review of current strategies

Glucose, the most abundant monosaccharide derived from biomass, is a promising feedstock for sustainable hydrogen production. This review critically evaluates advanced thermochemical, photocatalytic, electrochemical, and biological strategies for glucose-to-hydrogen conversion. W...

Distribution of carbapenemase-encoding genes (blaIMP, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaVIM, and blaOXA-48) in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from Yemen

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a major threat to global public health and substantially limits therapeutic options. Surveillance of carbapenemase resistance determinants is important to guide infection control and antimicrobial stewardship. This study aimed...

Comparison of sustained virologic responses to ledipasvir/sofosbuvir plus ribavirin therapy between previously treated and naïve patients with chronic hepatitis c in yemen: a retrospective comparative cohort study

Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a major global health burden, with high prevalence in the Eastern Mediterranean region, including Yemen. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) such as ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) combined with ribavirin have demonstrated...

Hemodialysis access creation in a resource-limited conflict zone: outcomes of a localized surgical training initiative

Abstract Background Reliable vascular access is essential for patients with end-stage kidney disease. In conflict-affected Yemen, limited access to vascular surgical expertise poses challenges to hemodialysis access care. A WHO-supported vascular trauma training program in Al-Hod...

Effect of a tele-orthodontics platform on knowledge, attitudes, and practices among orthodontic professionals in Yemen: a single-arm pretest–posttest intervention study

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effect of a tele-orthodontics platform on orthodontists’ and orthodontic residents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in Yemen, as well as to assess the platform’s acknowledged benefits, obstacles, and consultants’ responsiveness. Metho...

Drivers of perceived healthcare service quality among healthcare workers in TQM-implementing hospitals in conflict-affected yemen: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Healthcare systems in protracted conflicts face compounded pressures that challenge service quality. In 2021, Yemen’s Ministry of Public Health mandated the implementation of total quality management (TQM) across hospitals. This cross-sectional study examined...

Dual-model deep learning for detecting and classifying dental abscesses, cysts, and tumours on orthopantomograms: a histopathology-referenced diagnostic study

Differential diagnosis of periapical and intra-osseous jaw lesions is a recurring clinical challenge that still depends on invasive, costly histopathological examination. Deep learning applied to routine panoramic radiography offers a potential non-invasive triage aid, but most p...

Integrated hydrogeochemical and microbiological assessment of groundwater quality in a fractured volcanic aquifer, Ibb City, Yemen

Abstract Groundwater quality assessment in fractured volcanic aquifers presents significant challenges due to structural heterogeneity that may influence groundwater flow and contaminant transport. This study presents an integrated hydrogeochemical and microbiological assessment...

Job satisfaction among Saudi and Non-Saudi critical care and emergency nurses: associations with psychological distress, turnover intention, and perceived retention strategies

Critical care and emergency nurses work in complex and demanding environments that may affect their occupational well-being, psychological health, and job satisfaction. Although previous studies have examined nurse retention challenges, limited evidence exists regarding factors a...

Multistage advanced persistent threat detection and malware attribution using Mamba state space models with Kolmogorov Arnold networks

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent the most sophisticated class of cyberattacks, characterized by multi-stage, stealthy, and persistent intrusion campaigns orchestrated by well-funded, often state-sponsored adversaries. Existing detection methods suffer from three criti...

Effectiveness of gabapentinoids for postoperative pain management and opioid reduction after lumbar spine surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Lumbar spine surgery is commonly associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain, often requiring opioid analgesics. Gabapentinoids are widely incorporated into multimodal analgesic regimens; however, their effectiveness in this setting remains uncertain. Methods...