Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute

Concurrent infection with Clostridium chauvoei, Clostridium septicum and Clostridium perfringens type A in cattle: a case report

Blackleg, caused by Clostridium chauvoei , is an acute, fatal infectious disease characterized by necrotizing myositis and toxemia primarily affecting cattle and sheep. Gas gangrene (malignant edema), a similar necrotizing myositis, is caused by multiple anaerobes including C. ch...

Brucella abortus RB51 vaccination: a comprehensive systematic review of safety, efficacy, and global field outcomes (1990–2025)

Brucella abortus strain RB51 is a live attenuated rough vaccine developed to overcome the serological interference of conventional smooth vaccines. Since replacing strain S19 in the United States (1996) and globally thereafter, RB51 has been promoted as a DIVA (Differentiating In...