Quaid-i-Azam University

Temporal trends and demographic disparities in constipation-associated mortality in the United States, 1999–2024

Constipation is common and managed as benign; however, refractory disease can progress through fecal impaction to stercoral colitis, perforation, and sepsis. The national mortality trends are unmapped. Serial cross-sectional CDC WONDER multiple-cause analysis, US adults ≥ 25 year...

Explainable artificial intelligence–driven SHAP-based feature selection for interpreting black-box fuzzy modeling: an autonomous decision-making framework

Purpose Integrating explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for water quality assessment (WQA) is necessary to protect human health, ensure the availability of clean water and sustainable conservation of the environment. Black-box machine learning (ML) models perform well but l...

Gyroporus binkatensis and Cyanoboletus sulcatipes , Two New Boletes From District Swat, Pakistan, Based on Morphological and Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis

Two novel boletes, Gyroporus binkatensis and Cyanoboletus sulcatipes , are described from District Swat, Pakistan, based on detailed macro‐ and micromorphological observations and phylogenetic analysis derived from Oxford Nanopore sequencing. G. binkatensis is characterized by an...

Systematic mapping of artificial intelligence and big data architectures for antidiabetic drug discovery from traditional medical systems

Abstract Background Ethnomedical knowledge has contributed to the discovery and development of several contemporary antidiabetic agents. However, the extensive global diversity of medicinal plants, phytochemicals, and traditional therapeutic systems creates a substantial challeng...

Multivariate characterization of foliar morpho-anatomical traits supporting adaptive trends and taxonomic resolution in halophytic grasses

Leaf morphology and epidermal traits of 15 salt-tolerant grasses belonging to 10 genera from the Bahadur Khel Salt Range were examined using a microscopic technique for the first time. Eight qualitative characters (epidermal cell shape, anticlinal wall patterns, type of stomata a...

Short-term solar irradiance forecasting using deep learning models and an agent-based decision support framework for localized energy management

Accurate forecasting of solar irradiance is critical to supporting the stability of the power grid and allowing for efficient use of renewable energy resources. As solar generation is highly dependent upon weather; therefore, accurate forecasting of short-term solar totals, or Gl...

Blinatumomab versus chemotherapy in pediatric B-ALL: A meta-analysis of randomized trials in relapsed and high-risk frontline disease

BACKGROUND: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, comprising almost 25 % of childhood malignancies. Despite advances in chemotherapy, relapse remains a major cause of treatment failure, particularly in high-risk patients. Blinatumomab, a...