Prevention Institute

Benchmarking methods for evaluating stress-strain soil responses in dynamic centrifuge testing

Understanding soil stress–strain response during and after liquefaction triggering is critical for performance-based design, yet direct measurement of these behaviours in centrifuge experiments remains challenging. This study compares traditional indirect and newly developed dire...

Comparative cost analysis of community-based tuberculosis screening: Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) alone versus CAD with point-of-care C-reactive protein testing in South Africa and Lesotho

Community-based active case finding (ACF) for tuberculosis (TB) is recommended in high-burden settings, yet evidence on implementation costs from prospective programmatic data remains limited. We estimated and compared the costs of two community-based ACF screening approaches: Co...

Interaction of walking activity and long-term air pollution on exacerbation rate in COPD

Background Regular walking activity can improve the prognosis in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, its benefit may be reduced when living in highly polluted areas. Aim To assess the combined effects of walking activity and air pollution on the rat...

Macular neovascularisation subtype determines visual consequences of early fibro-atrophic remodelling in neovascular AMD: PRECISE study report 11

Abstract Purpose To evaluate whether baseline well-delineated hyperreflective material (wdHRM) is associated with short-term visual outcome in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), whether this association differs by macular neovascularisation (MNV)...

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of IgA nephropathy and comorbid diabetic kidney disease

AIMS: This study characterized clinical features, pathology, treatment, and prognosis of biopsy-confirmed coexisting IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). METHODS: = 80), matched on age, sex and baseline serum creatinine (sCr). Baseline clinical and pathologic...

Development and internal validation of the Low Cardiac Index Score: a simplified bedside tool for continuous intraoperative screening

<title>Abstract</title> Purpose Advanced haemodynamic monitoring of cardiac index is restricted to selected high-risk cases, leaving most patients undergoing major surgery without real-time assessment. We aimed to develop and internally validate a simplified bedside score for con...

In vitro metabolic signaling in two intestinal bacterial isolates: glutamate-driven transcriptional and functional reprogramming in Clostridium butyricum and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

ABSTRACT Monosodium glutamate (MSG; L-glutamate monosodium salt) is among the most widely used flavor enhancers, yet its molecular effects on gut microbial physiology remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the strain-specific transcriptomic and metabolic responses of Clostri...