Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Postprocessing of Structural En Face OCT Images of the Choroidal Haller Layer for Quantitative Assessment: An Exploratory Pilot Study

Background/Objectives: To develop a binarization workflow for structural en face OCT images of the choroidal Haller layer and examine how postprocessing parameters affect measurements, using chronological age as an exploratory reference. Methods: We included 66 healthy volunteers...

Non-operative management in patients with iatrogenic colorectal perforations: protocol for a systematic review

Iatrogenic colorectal perforation (ICP) is a rare but serious complication of diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopies, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While surgical intervention remains common, non-operative management (NOM) has emerged as a potential alter...

Composition of the gut microbiota in treatment-naive patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

Alterations in the gut microbiota (GM) are increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its taxonomic composition, as well as the structural characteristics of enterotypes (ETs) and microbiota-based cooperative netw...

Impact of anesthesia type on results of carotid endarterectomy: analytical review of randomized clinical trials

Searching for optimal anesthesia type in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has been ongoing since the origin of carotid surgery. Nevertheless, there is still no consensus on this issue. This review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) defines the impact of anesthes...

Carotid endarterectomy under regional or general anesthesia — two methods of anesthesia in a multi-field hospital

Objective. To define the impact of anaesthesia (general [GA] vs. regional [RA]) on results of carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Material and methods. There were 1732 CEAs in 2012—2025. CEA under RA was performed in 1153 cases, CEA under GA — in 579 cases. The primary perioperative en...

Results of revascularization operations in geriatric patients with multifocal atherosclerosis

Background. Multifocal atherosclerosis (MFA) is one of the common diseases in elderly patients. Currently, there is no single approach to treating patients with MFA. The active implementation of endovascular surgery has significantly expanded the treatment options for comorbid el...

Modulating the NLRP3/IL-1β Axis in Age-Related Atherosclerosis: Natural Products, Molecular Mechanisms, and Translational Perspectives—A Narrative Review

Atherosclerosis is an age-related immune-metabolic disease in which lipid retention, endothelial dysfunction, innate immune activation, and vascular remodeling interact over decades. In older adults, inflammaging, mitochondrial dysfunction, defective autophagy/mitophagy, and cell...

Resolution of the Expert Council “Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of non-specific back pain and radiculopathy in the 2026 RASP guidelines”

In June 2025, an Expert Council of the Russian Association for the Study of Pain (RASP) was held. Specialists discussed the role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of nonspecific (musculoskeletal) lower back pain. The meeting presented data from stu...

Anticonvulsant activity of a newly synthesized analgesic from the hexaazaisowurtzitanes class. (Experimental study)

Objective. To study anticonvulsant activity of thiowurtzine in seizure models induced by pentylenetetrazol and thiosemicarbazide. Material and methods. Experiments were conducted on male CD-1 mice. Thiowurtzine was administered intragastrically at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg....

Cyber trends in sport as a new environment for guided human development

Relevance. Cyber trends in sport are considered as a manifestation of an anthropotechnological shift in which sports activity is organised within a single circuit of interaction between the brain, the body, the digital environment and management systems. Digitalisation develops a...

Predicting the Unpredictable: Development and External Validation of the GO SOAR Surgical Risk Calculator for Data-Driven Predictions of Surgical Complications in Gynaecological Oncology Surgery

Background/Objectives: Universal surgical risk calculators are not validated for use and poorly predict postoperative morbidity and mortality for women undergoing gynaecological oncology surgery. This adversely affects communication of risk resulting in poorly informed decisions...

EEG vs. Hybrid EEG–fNIRS BCI for FES Control in Healthy Subjects: A Blind Randomized Study and an Open Dataset

Among the various brain–computer interface (BCI) modifications used in post-stroke rehabilitation, BCI systems combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) are considered the most effective. As a preliminary step toward optimizing such systems for clinical application, i...

Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises improvement in patients after laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer treatment

INTRODUCTION: The internal and external head and neck lymphedema is one of the consequences of surgical and radiation treatment of laryngopharyngeal cancer. The current task is to develop lymphatic drainage techniques that are effective for internal lymphedema. OBJECTIVE: To eval...

Modern approaches to the treatment of NCMT sexually transmitted infections (N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, M. genitalium, T. vaginalis). Part II. M. Genitalium

An analysis of literature data on modern approaches to the treatment of infection caused by M. Genitalium is presented. As for now, it is not included in the list of reportable infections both in most countries of the world and in the Russian Federation, but, according to various...

Stabilization of Nanodispersed Cerium Phosphate in Matrices Containing Cellulose Derivatives, Citric Acid and Metronidazole

High-dispersion nanocomposite materials based on cerium(III) orthophosphate stabilized with different forms of cellulose (methylcellulose (MC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa)) with the addition of citric acid were synthesized by chemical pr...

Expanding the Genomic Spectrum of NHLRC2-Associated FINCA Disease: Integrated Bioinformatic Characterization of a Novel Deep Intronic Variant Predicted to Activate a Pseudoexon

NHLRC2-associated FINCA disease is an ultra-rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in NHLRC2. Its mutational spectrum and genotype–phenotype correlations remain incompletely defined, and the contribution of non-coding variants is poo...

Efficacy and safety of remifentanil and fentanyl in adult endoscopic interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Despite the growing interest in remifentanil for endoscopic procedures, available data are conflicting. Objective. To evaluate efficacy and safety of remifentanil and fentanyl for analgesia in adults undergoing endoscopic procedures. Material and methods. Nine biomedical database...

Ring Contractionof Bicyclic Lactams: A MolecularEditing Aza-Favorski-Type Approach to Tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylicAcids

Abstract Development of skeletal editing methods offers new horizons for the acceleration of drug discovery. An original aza-Favorski-type approach is described for the ring contraction of benzazepine-2-ones, providing versatile tetrahydroquinoline-2-carboxylic acids. The sequenc...

Results of the meeting of the Interdisciplinary Expert Council on an integrated approach to the management of peri- and postmenopausal women with psycho-emotional and neurological disorders

The reduction in sex hormone levels during the menopausal period substantially impacts patients' quality of life and serves as a significant risk factor for psycho-emotional disorders. Current clinical guidelines from both Russian and international sources recognize menopausal ho...

Results of the meeting of the Interdisciplinary Expert Council on an integrated approach to the management of peri- and postmenopausal women with psycho-emotional and neurological disorders

The reduction in sex hormone levels during the menopausal period substantially impacts patients’ quality of life and serves as a significant risk factor for psycho-emotional disorders. Current clinical guidelines from both Russian and international sources recognize menopausal ho...