Physical Research Laboratory

Hierarchical Hub Formation in Mon R2: Evidence for Cloud-to-core Gas Flows

Abstract We present a multiscale kinematic study of the hub–filament system in Mon R2 using James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) 13 CO(3–2) and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) C 18 O(1–0) observations to investigate how molecular gas converges toward the centr...

Graph-theoretic determination of massless modes in latticized theory-space models

A bstract A graph-theoretic method is introduced for analysing fermion mass spectra in latticized theory-space models, including chain models arising from dimensional deconstruction. Fermion mass terms are mapped to bipartite graphs, with fields as vertices and nonvanishing mass...

Radiocarbon in dissolved inorganic carbon in unsaturated zone soil water of semi-arid western India

Abstract Estimating groundwater age is vital for water management, especially in semi-arid regions, where aquifers are the primary freshwater source. Radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is widely used to estimate groundwater age, assuming DIC is derived...

Higher-order spatial mode detection leveraging deep learning on random optical patterns

The speckle based classification of Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beams using the convolution neural network (CNN) has gained a significant interest in view of their applications towards free space optical communication. For the LG beams with higher azimuthal index or topological charge (T...

Post-perihelion Photometric and Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS

Abstract The third interstellar object, comet 3I/ATLAS, was observed using various Indian telescopes during its post-perihelion evolution. We carried out imaging and spectroscopic observations of the comet at multiple epochs using the 0.5–m, 1.2–m, and 2.5–m telescopes of the Phy...

Atmospheric and cloud microphysical drivers of extreme precipitation over a coastal region: the Mumbai 2025 event

Human-induced atmospheric warming has increased the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events by enhancing atmospheric moisture availability. The geographical location of India makes it particularly susceptible to stronger and often extreme rainfall episodes. After...

Discovery of a Compact Hub-Filament System in G286.21+0.17 with JWST and ALMA: Insights into Protocluster Formation and Competitive Accretion

Abstract We present a multi-wavelength study of the massive protocluster G286.21+0.17 (G286) using JWST near-infrared (NIR) imaging and ALMA H13CO+(1–0) observations. The JWST images uncover a compact (∼0.5 pc) hub-filament system (HFS), comprising a dense central hub connected b...