Pakistan Institute of Development Economics

Who benefits from public education spending in Pakistan? Evidence from income and language benefit incidence analysis

Equity in public education spending is commonly assessed through income-based measures, potentially overlooking other dimensions along which educational participation and public benefits vary. This study extends conventional benefit incidence analysis (BIA) by examining the distr...

Unmasking the dark side: how does fossil fuel financing hurt the carbon neutrality targets?

The significance of carbon neutrality objectives in global climate mitigation efforts cannot be underestimated. Fossil fuels are widely believed to be a major culprit behind global climate change, and top polluting economies are still heavily investing in fossil fuels. Thus, the...