Ottawa Hospital

Cardiovascular risk prediction models for women: A systematic review protocol

Purpose Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women. Cardiovascular risk prediction models are widely used to guide preventative management, although many do not incorporate female-specific risk factors. The aim of this review is to identify...

Modernizing Canada’s Regulations for Clinical Trials in Medical Emergencies

Keywords: clinical trials; emergency; stroke• Health Canada recently announced the publication of proposed Clinical Trial Regulations, with specific sections addressing consent practices for clinical trials in medical emergencies.• These regulations aim to simplify existing guide...

Clinical outcomes of primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with concomitant lateral meniscal posterior root tear repair versus isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Lateral meniscal posterior root tears (LMPRTs) commonly occur with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, but clinical outcomes after concomitant repair remain unclear. Aim This systematic review and meta-analysis compared postoperative outcomes after ACL reconst...

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Ribociclib plus an Aromatase Inhibitor (AI) Versus AI Alone in the Adjuvant Treatment of Stage II and III Pre- and Postmenopausal Women with HR+/HER2− Early Breast Cancer (EBC): A Canadian Payer Perspective

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have transformed the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) breast cancer. Ribociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor (AI) was approved in Canada as adjuvant treatment...

Nasal Packing After Trans-Sphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Tumor: A Pilot of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The goal of the study was to determine the feasibility of a larger trial to evaluate whether nasal packing after routine endoscopic endonasal resection of pituitary tumor negatively affects sinonasal quality of life (QOL) in the postoperative period and...

Evidence-based atlas of risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders: an umbrella review to inform personalized prognosis and prevention.

Identifying updated, evidence-based risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders is essential to advancing scientific and clinical knowledge of their etiology. Since the most recent umbrella review published in this journal, the evidence base has expanded substantially. Fo...

Clinical, biochemical and genetic spectra of carnosinemia: a systematic review of case reports and case series

Abstract Carnosinemia, also referred to as carnosinase 1 (CNDP1) deficiency, is an ultra-rare inborn error of metabolism characterized by impaired CNDP1 activity and carnosine degradation. The clinical significance and phenotypic spectrum of this condition remain poorly defined,...

Clinical Improvement, No Improvement, and Worsening at 24 Hours Following Reperfusion in Patients With Stroke due to Large-Vessel Occlusion

BACKGROUND: Restoring blood flow to ischemic tissue is the cornerstone of acute stroke therapy and is usually beneficial. However, when reperfusion is achieved for severely injured tissue, it is often futile and may occasionally cause harm. We aim to determine the prevalence and...

Summary of Research: HER2CLIMB-05: A Phase III Study of Tucatinib Versus Placebo in Combination with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab as First-Line Maintenance Therapy for HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer

This is a summary of a research article reporting the findings of the HER2CLIMB-05 trial (NCT05132582), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, international, phase III trial. The HER2CLIMB-05 trial was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of adding tucatinib vers...

From Awareness to Action: Co‐Designing Culturally Safe and Equitable Rehabilitation in Canada – Protocol for the Two‐Phase Ireach Qualitative Study

ABSTRACT Background Inequities in access, engagement, and outcomes persist across outpatient rehabilitation services in Canada, disproportionately affecting Indigenous Peoples, newcomers and refugees, gender‐ and sexually‐diverse individuals, and people with lower income. Althoug...

Development and internal validation of an EHR machine learning model for clinical deterioration in ICU linked inpatients

Abstract Early warning scores for inpatient deterioration rely predominantly on contemporaneous vital signs and may not incorporate broader electronic health record (EHR) information. We developed and internally validated a multi-domain EHR machine-learning model using MIMIC-IV v...

The efficacy and safety of celecoxib for postoperative pain in major orthopedic surgery: a systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis

Effective postoperative pain management is crucial for surgical recovery, yet opioid-based therapies carry significant risks of addiction and adverse effects. Celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, has emerged as a promising non-opioid alternative within multimodal analgesic pro...

Sex & Gender Science: integrating the social with the biological

Abstract For decades, researchers have largely studied aspects of sex and gender separately; the former as a basic science and the latter as a social construct with real world consequences, including health inequities. In recent years, as our collective understanding of how the b...

Combining Implementation and Data Sciences to Accelerate Evidence Integration into Healthcare – ImpleMATE

Background The translation of research evidence into routine healthcare practice is often slow and inconsistent, even timely implementation can significantly improve patient outcomes. While implementation science offers strategies to close this gap, current approaches are frequen...

Effectiveness of Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for Postoperative Pain Management Using Multidimensional Pain Assessment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Although selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX‑2) inhibitors are commonly used in perioperative pain management, it is uncertain whether these anti-inflammatory agents meaningfully improve postoperative recovery, including the impact of pain on daily functioning. METHODS: T...

Pharmacists’ Prioritization of Patients for Discharge Medication Reconciliation at a Tertiary Academic Centre

Background: Involvement of pharmacists in discharge medication reconciliation (DMR) reduces readmissions when DMR is delivered as part of a medication management bundle. With current staffing and workload, pharmacists are unable to complete DMR for every inpatient. Consequently,...

Costs Associated with Failure of Vancomycin Treatment for Pneumonia and Bacteremia Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Vancomycin is widely used for the treatment of pneumonia and bacteremia due to MRSA, despite treatment failure rates between 21% and 50%. Given the...

Ethical and Methodological Features of Cluster Randomized Trials in Critical Care Settings: A Systematic Review

OBJECTIVES: Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are useful for evaluating system-level interventions in critical care but raise complex ethical and methodological issues that are amplified in this setting. We aimed to describe ethical and methodological features of CRTs in critical...

Duty to Protect? The Troubling Pattern of Legislative Noncompliance and Missed Police Involvement in Ontario’s Long-Term Care Sector

Background: requires long-term care (LTC) licensees to immediately notify police of any alleged, suspected, or witnessed abuse, neglect, or other conduct that may constitute a criminal offence. This study examines compliance with mandatory police notification requirements using p...

ALY688 Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury via Direct Effects and Rab8a‐Dependent Extracellular Vesicles

ABSTRACT Despite advances in percutaneous coronary intervention, ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Adiponectin confers broad cardioprotective effects, motivating the development of adiponectin receptor agonists. Here, we investigat...