Osaka International Cancer Institute

Tarlatamab in small cell lung cancer following platinum-based chemotherapy: subgroup analysis of Japanese patients from the DeLLphi-304 study

Abstract Background In the Phase 3 DeLLphi-304 trial, tarlatamab significantly improved overall survival (OS) over chemotherapy for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy. We report efficacy and safety in the Japanese subpopulation. Methods Pat...

Positive selection of IgG over IgM plasma cells through BCR isotype–specific antigen presentation and signaling

During a primary immune response, B cells can undergo isotype switching from an immunoglobulin M (IgM) B cell receptor (BCR) to an IgG BCR. B cells that have switched to IgG give rise to more bone marrow long-lived plasma cells (PCs) compared with those expressing IgM, but how BC...

Submucosal Lidocaine Injection in Colonic Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Single‐Center, Double‐Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

OBJECTIVES: Colonic spasm is one of the major technical challenges encountered during colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), impairing visualization of the dissection plane and scope maneuverability. Submucosal lidocaine injection may help to overcome this challenge. Thi...

Institutional enrollment volume and clinical outcomes after surgery or chemoradiotherapy for clinical stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a supplementary analysis of JCOG0502

Abstract Background Surgery and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) are standard options for clinical stage I esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). JCOG0502, a multicenter, non-randomized, parallel-group comparison, demonstrated the non-inferiority of definitive CRT compared with surger...

Stage-tailored role of extrahepatic bile duct resection in gallbladder cancer: limited value in T2 disease and potential oncologic role in selected T3/T4 cases

The oncological value of extrahepatic bile duct resection (EBDR) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains controversial, particularly regarding its stage-specific benefit. We retrospectively analyzed 64 patients with pathologically confirmed T2–T4 GBC who underwent curative-intent R0...

Clonal evolution from primary to locally recurrent rectal cancer reveals recurrence-acquired potentially actionable alterations in treatment-naïve tumors

BACKGROUND: Locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) occurs in 6-10% of patients after curative surgery. It is often regarded as a simple residual disease, yet accumulating evidence suggests that LRRC is biologically distinct from primary tumors. Clonal evolution in matched primary...