Osaka City University

Beamstop-free small-angle X-ray scattering for multiscale structure measurement of high-energy-density plasma

The advent of free-electron lasers has enabled in-situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements of laser-produced high-energy-density plasma at solid density, with nanometer- and femtosecond-scale resolution. Such plasmas generally exhibit gentle density gradients, which...

Graph-based reinforcement learning framework with control barrier functions for safe marine traffic control

Centralized control that optimizes ship behavior is an effective approach for managing marine traffic in congested waters. This study proposed a decision-making framework that generates optimal control actions for all ships in a sea area using traffic data represented as a graph....

TFEB drives ER stress-induced apoptosis and limits cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease

Abstract Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the progressive growth of renal cysts and loss of renal function. Here, it was demonstrated that transcription factor EB (TFEB) activation in cyst-lining epithelial cells enhances their susceptibili...

A coupled water-quality–Ecopath with Ecosim model incorporating sand-lance aestivation dynamics in the Harima-Nada Sea

Sand lance ( Ammodytes japonicus ) is an important forage fish in the Harima-Nada Sea, Japan, but its stock has declined markedly in recent decades under concurrent changes in nutrient availability and water temperature. To clarify the mechanisms underlying these changes, we deve...

Neighborhood interaction at age 65 and subsequent initiation and cessation of social participation in Japanese older adults: the NISSIN Project

Whether neighborhood interaction is differently associated with initiation and cessation of social participation in early old age remains unclear. We analyzed 1,688 Japanese adults surveyed at ages 65 and 70. Initiation and cessation were examined separately using modified Poisso...

Association Between EEG Activity and Motor Imagery Ability in Single-Joint Movements: A Pilot Study

Background/Objectives: This exploratory pilot study examined whether motor imagery ability is associated with electroencephalography (EEG) oscillatory activity during single-joint motor imagery. Methods: Eleven healthy young adults performed motor execution, kinesthetic motor ima...

Ultrahigh flow strength in shocked nanopolycrystalline diamond

Extreme pressures and temperatures create conditions that allow even hard and brittle materials to flow plastically. Despite extensive research, the limits of flow strength under such conditions remain uncertain, and the mechanisms driving deformation at the relevant stresses are...

Smartphone step-count patterns and later QMCOO-defined frailty-related risk

Smartphone steps offer low-burden signals. Their incremental value for later frailty-related risk defined by the Questionnaire for Medical Checkup of Old-Old (QMCOO) remains uncertain. We analyzed users of Osaka’s Asmile app. Step-count features from November–December 2024 were r...

Synthesis of a Stable Crystalline Dibenzopentacene Triplet Diradical via a Protection–Oxidation–Protection Strategy

ABSTRACT The synthesis of triplet‐ground‐state 1,14:11,12‐dibenzopentacene (DP) has been sought after for over 60 years, but the isolation of stable derivatives in crystalline form has been unsuccessful. Herein, we report the synthesis and first single‐crystal isolation of a stab...

Synthesis of a Stable Crystalline Dibenzopentacene Triplet Diradical via a Protection–Oxidation–Protection Strategy

ABSTRACT The synthesis of triplet‐ground‐state 1,14:11,12‐dibenzopentacene (DP) has been sought after for over 60 years, but the isolation of stable derivatives in crystalline form has been unsuccessful. Herein, we report the synthesis and first single‐crystal isolation of a stab...

Serial optical coherence tomography angiography reveals progressive retinal reperfusion and structural recovery following immunosuppressive therapy in pediatric bilateral occlusive retinal vasculitis

Abstract We report a case of bilateral occlusive retinal vasculitis in a previously healthy 6-year-old girl who developed severe visual loss 7 days after streptococcal infection. At presentation, best-corrected visual acuity was 0.125 in the right eye and 0.08 in the left eye. Fu...

Japanese translation of lindop parkinson’s disease mobility assessment (LPA): validity and reliability study

Abstract Introduction The Lindop Parkinson’s Disease Mobility Assessment (LPA) is a Parkinson’s disease (PD)-specific clinical scale. The LPA was designed to assess core functional mobility in rehabilitation, including gait and bed mobility. This study aimed to develop a Japanese...

Pathogenicity and intestinal barrier disruptive ability of Malassezia furfur in an alternative model host Caenorhabditis elegans is partially alleviated by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

Abstract Malassezia furfur is fungi associated with various diseases; however, the mechanisms underlying its pathogenicity and the relationship between probiotics and fungi remain largely unknown. In the present study, Caenorhabditis elegans was used as the model host to evaluate...

Clinical relevance of serum full-length glypican-3 in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab

Abstract Biomarkers that can predict patient survival and the therapeutic response to atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) as first-line chemotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have yet to be identified. We aimed to determine whether the serum full-length...

MRI Proton Density Fat Fraction as a Biomarker of Marrow Recovery Following Organ‐Sparing Total Marrow Irradiation in Sickle Cell Disease

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive quantitative assessment of marrow recovery after curative therapies such as total marrow irradiation (TMI) and bone marrow transplantation (BMT) remain poorly defined, particularly in sickle cell disease (SCD). PURPOSE: To evaluate MRI-derived proton densi...

Clonal evolution from primary to locally recurrent rectal cancer reveals recurrence-acquired potentially actionable alterations in treatment-naïve tumors

BACKGROUND: Locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) occurs in 6-10% of patients after curative surgery. It is often regarded as a simple residual disease, yet accumulating evidence suggests that LRRC is biologically distinct from primary tumors. Clonal evolution in matched primary...

Comparative Analysis of Ion and Electron Contributions to Ionospheric Ionization at Auroral and Subauroral Latitudes

Abstract Electron and proton precipitation into the nightside ionosphere is a key process in magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling. Although auroral electron precipitation at –10 keV is traditionally considered the main driver of auroral emissions, recent studies show that keV electr...

Comparative in vivo evaluation of colistin resistance determinants in Escherichia coli clone ST131

Background Colistin is a last-resort antimicrobial for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections. Health risks associated with colistin resistance are commonly inferred from resistance phenotypes, despite limited in vivo evidence linking resistance determinants to pathog...

No Significant Secondary Structural Change of α‐Synuclein Monomer by Site‐Specific DOPA or Phosphorylation Introduction in Its C‐Terminal Region

ABSTRACT α‐Synuclein (αSyn) is a major component of pathogenic Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites and is closely associated with Parkinson's disease. Among the various posttranslational modifications of αSyn, several have been implicated in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and...

Preoperative predictors of patient-reported outcomes after joint-preserving forefoot surgery for rheumatoid arthritis

Aims: Forefoot deformities are common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and often impair quality of life. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q), are increasingly used to assess surgical outcomes;...