Oak Ridge Associated Universities

Outcomes for American Indian and Alaska Native Populations With Cancer in Traditional Medicare

Importance American Indian and Alaska Native patients represent a uniquely vulnerable population in the US. Epidemiological studies have shown significant health disparities within this group. Contemporary outcomes and utilization studies of cancer in this population could aid in...

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection promotes Peyer’s patch immune induction and epithelial defense via single-cell transcriptional reprogramming

ABSTRACT Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus causing gastrointestinal disease in swine. To mitigate PEDV risks to swine health, agricultural economic losses, and global food security, a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions is required. U...

Temporal transcriptomic and microbiome changes in American bison during experimental SARS-CoV-2 challenge

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a threat to humans as well as domestic and wild animals. The variability in severity of clinical signs, the zoonotic potential, and the host-specific response to infection contribute to the persistence of circulation of disease. In wildlife s...

Pretraining vagus nerve stimulation differently influences cognition and anxiety-like behavior in male and female rats across estrous cycle stages

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has previously been shown to enhance cognitive performance in rats when administered post-behavioral paradigm training. However, the effects of VNS administered pre-training, and its potential sex and hormonal dependencies, are not well understood. H...

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus protein GP38 from isolate M18-China confers broad immunological breadth

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne, negative-strand RNA virus that causes outbreaks of lethal hemorrhagic fever. No approved vaccines or specific antiviral treatments are available. CCHFV glycoprotein GP38 is an integral component of the pre-fusion glyc...

Prolific post-fire persistence: resilience and resprouting in the iconic coast redwood

<title>Abstract</title> Background Historically frequent-fire forest ecosystems are now facing increased size, frequency, and severity of fires attributed to climate change, intensive forest management, and fire exclusion. Understanding post-fire resilience in forest ecosystems i...

Core genome and whole genome multi-locus sequence typing of Cronobacter isolates

ABSTRACT Cronobacter species, especially C. sakazakii and C. malonaticus, are opportunistic pathogens that are linked to severe infections in infants with high case fatality rates. In this study, we investigated whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis approaches, specifically 7-ge...

Projected changes in water demand and potential water savings for US grown rice under alternate wetting and drying practice

In the United States (US), rice production accounts for roughly 10% of global rice trade and contributes more than $34 billion annually to the national economy. Although rice is a critical staple crop for global food security, it has traditionally been cultivated under continuous...