Norwegian Veterinary Institute

Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of Salmonid Alphavirus Genotype 2 (SAV2) Emergence on the Helgeland Coast of Norway in 2023

Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) causes pancreas disease (PD) in Atlantic salmon and is a major viral pathogen affecting salmon aquaculture in Northern Europe. In Norway, PD is associated with genotypes SAV3 and marine SAV2, which have distinct geographical distributions. SAV3 predomina...

Reindeer health and supplementary feeding practices – a survey among herders in Norway and Sweden

Abstract Background The well-being, health and nutrition of reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) and the practice of reindeer husbandry in Fennoscandia are strongly affected by climate change and the loss and fragmentation of pastures. Supplementary feeding has become increasi...

Variable Infection Outcomes in Repeated Experimental Challenges of Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar ) With an Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus Isolate

Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) affects Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and is caused by the ISA virus (ISAV). The disease is associated with ISAV strains with deletions in the hemagglutinin-esterase protein, named HPRΔ variants. The present study was initially designed as a vaccin...

A Novel Analytical Strategy to Detect Specific Markers of Nitrofurazone from Protein-Bound Metabolites in Food Animals

Abstract Accurate detection of nitrofuran residues, as an indicator of banned drug use, in animal-derived food products is vital for ensuring food safety. The accepted regulatory approach for nitrofurans produces a residue marker from their protein-bound metabolites, which is non...

A CRISPR‐Based Rapid Detection Assay for Crayfish Plague ( Aphanomyces astaci ) From Environmental Samples

Crayfish plague, caused by Aphanomyces astaci (Aa), is an infectious disease invasive in Europe, where its rapid spread has resulted in sharp declines of native crayfish species. Monitoring currently relies on a highly sensitive, but costly and time-consuming qPCR approach. Here,...

Multiple introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into the High Arctic: Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 2022–2025

Abstract Between 2022 and 2025, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of clade 2.3.4.4b, including four distinct H5 Eurasian (EA) genotypes, were detected in wild birds and mammals in the Svalbard Archipelago and on the island of Jan Mayen. We describe their epidemio...

European Network for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Therapy (ENOVAT) guidelines for antimicrobial and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in bovine respiratory disease

<ns5:p> Background Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, impaired welfare, production loss, and antimicrobial use in cattle. These European Network for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Therapy (ENOVAT) guidelines provide evidence-based...