Norwegian Institute of Public Health

The effect of being assigned to special needs assistance depends on children's types of difficulty

This study examines the effects of being assigned to special needs assistance (SNA) and children's difficulty types ( n = 35,024; 1809 received SNA) in early childhood education and care (ECEC) on children's language and academic skills in primary school. Using the Norwegian Moth...

Lifestyle risk factors for cervical glandular and squamous cell neoplasia: insights from a prospective cohort study of over 117,000 women

Abstract Background While cervical cancer screening has successfully reduced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) rates, adenocarcinoma (AC) incidence is rising, particularly among younger women. Although SCC and AC differ in genomics and treatment responses, evidence regarding their di...

Reframing “One Health” for Healthcare-Associated AMR: Target Microbes, Internal Environments, and Operational Action

While the One Health paradigm has successfully elevated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on the global political agenda, its operationalization raises questions about how research, surveillance and interventions can best address transmission in healthcare settings. In this perspect...

Health-related interpretation of human biomonitoring results – new and updated human biomonitoring guidance values from PARC and HBM4EU

During the first three years of the Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC), we derived health-based human biomonitoring guidance values (HBM-GVs) for 11 substances to enable the direct health-related interpretation of human biomonitoring (HBM) results. HBM-...

Sociodemographic, Criminological and Clinical Determinants in Suicide After Release From Prison: A 23‐Year National Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Background Suicide risk is elevated after prison release, but population‐level evidence on temporal risk patterns and associated factors remains limited. We aimed to describe characteristics of individuals who die by suicide after release from Norwegian prisons, compare...

Social processes in well-being (SoWell): A survey and ecological momentary assessment twin study

Aims : The Social Processes in Well-being (SoWell) study is an intensive longitudinal twin study designed to examine the relationships between mental health and social and environmental factors over time and to address the genetic contribution to these associations. Methods : App...

Device-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Youth

Importance The evidence for benefits of higher physical activity and lower sedentary time on the cardiometabolic risk profile in youth is based on cross-sectional and small prospective studies. Objective To determine the prospective associations between device-measured physical a...

No impact of parity on global gene expression levels in breast cancer tissue and normal breast tissue – a nested case-control study in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study

Abstract Background We have previously demonstrated that the linear decrease in postmenopausal breast cancer incidence with increasing parity is linked to expression changes in hundreds of genes in the peripheral blood cells of healthy women. However, these changes are not observ...

Major adverse cardiac events and mortality associated with ADHD and its treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes: a multi-national cohort study

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the impact of ADHD and ADHD medication use on prognosis and health outcomes in T2D remains unclear. This study investigates the associations of...

Research priorities for public health and social measures to manage epidemics: a multi-method consensus study in Norway

Abstract Background Prioritizing research to address uncertainties about the effects of public health and social measures (PHSM) to manage epidemics and pandemics can help to ensure that research addresses important questions and future decisions are better informed. Methods We u...

PSYCHIATRIC GENOMICS CONSORTIA ANXIETY PHASE 2: DISAGGREGATING GENOMIC EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUAL ANXIETY DISORDERS AND DELVING INTO BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS

Overall Abstract The recent PGC-ANX flagship publications of their case-control and dimensional anxiety genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have established a robust foundation for investigating the genomic and biological underpinnings of anxiety-related distress and impairmen...

Genome-wide analysis of social behaviour across social domains, reporters and developmental stages: a meta-regression approach

Abstract Social behaviour is a heritable trait linked to well-being and mental health, yet it varies across social context, including social domains, informants and development, which may shape its underlying genomic architecture. Here, we conducted a genome-wide meta-regression...

Does active surveillance prior to radical prostatectomy increase the risk of adverse pathological findings or postoperative prostate cancer treatment?

Active surveillance (AS) is an established management strategy for men with low- and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Nevertheless, a substantial proportion of patients ultimately undergo radical prostatectomy (RP), and the impact of prior AS on subsequent outco...

Gut microbiome signatures of colorectal cancer development are more pronounced in women compared to men in a population-based screening cohort

Abstract Background The gut microbiome has emerged as a promising source of biomarkers to enhance early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, sex-specific differences in gut microbial profiles and their relationship to CRC risk remain underexplored. Our objective was to...

Diagnostic pathways, healthcare utilization, and mortality in children and young people with early onset substance use disorders: a nationwide registry-based cohort study

Longitudinal, population-based evidence on the clinical profiles and mortality of youth with substance use disorders (SUDs) is limited, despite significant health and social risks. This study aimed to (1) characterize initial SUD diagnoses, demographic and healthcare profiles, an...

Trends in early-onset cancer incidence rates in the Nordic countries (2003–2022): a population-based study

Background Increasing incidence rates of early-onset cancer at ages 20–49 years have been reported in several countries, especially for colorectal, kidney and breast cancer. We examined recent incidence trends of early-onset cancer in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Gr...

Variation in general practitioners’ mental health diagnostic tendencies and subsequent patient care: a Norwegian registry study

Abstract Background General practitioners (GPs) are often the first point of contact for adults presenting with symptoms of depression or anxiety. Practices may vary due to patient and physician tendencies, influencing treatment pathways. This study aimed to quantify variation in...

Wellbeing, mastery and work participation: Effects of the Five Ways to Wellbeing course—a randomized controlled trial

Background: Rising ill health, declining wellbeing, and absenteeism threaten societal sustainability amid an ageing population. Promoting health, wellbeing and work participation is essential. The Five Ways to Wellbeing course is a six-week programme designed to enhance wellbeing...

Robust inference and correlates from genetic associations with personality

Personality traits describe stable differences in how people think, feel and behave, and how they interact with and experience their social and physical environments1,2. Many questions remain unanswered about associations between DNA and personality traits, such as their robustne...

Classification of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes based on administrative registry data: a nationwide study from Norway

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) differ in health care needs, and precise prevalence estimates by diabetes type are important for health care planning. Data and Methods Using Norwegian health registry data on diagnoses from primary and specialis...