National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences

Clinical correlates of cognitive impairment in progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy: a comparative neuropsychological study

Abstract Background Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes (AP), such as Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), Multiple System atrophy (MSA), are characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Although cognitive impairment is a core feature of AP, its differential profile across AP synd...

Prevalence and intensity of chronic postsurgical pain after cranial surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized studies

Background/Importance Estimates of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after cranial surgery vary widely, and the prevalence and severity remain uncertain. Objectives To synthesize the literature and estimate the prevalence and intensity of CPSP after cranial surgery. Evidence revie...

Named neurons of the nervous system: a historical narrative review of discovery, function, and legacy

Many currently applied terms in neuroanatomy are rooted in important historical breakthroughs. Some discoveries become timeless, some evolve as knowledge advances, and others disappear into history before being rediscovered by a later generation. Purkinje cells, Betz cells, Golgi...

Nonpharmacological Interventions in Degenerative Cerebellar Ataxia: A Systematic Review

Abstract Background A comprehensive synthesis of nonpharmacological interventions (NPI) in degenerative cerebellar ataxia will clarify their efficacy and inform clinical practice and trial design in a field with limited therapeutic options. Methods A Preferred Reporting Items for...

Evaluation of Macro- and Microstructural White Matter Changes in Hot Water Epilepsy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hot water epilepsy (HWE) is a form of reflex epilepsy and usually lacks definitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Although white matter abnormalities have been extensively investigated in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy or generalized e...

Schizophrenia research in 2026: report from the annual meeting of the Schizophrenia International Research Society

Abstract SIRS 2026, held under the theme “Schizophrenia Research in the Era of Artificial Intelligence,” brought together researchers, clinicians, and persons with lived experience to take stock of a field whose tools for measuring, predicting, and intervening in psychosis have e...

A Bibliometric Analysis of Dhat Syndrome Research Trends

Background: Dhat syndrome is a culturally shaped disorder characterised by distress related to perceived semen loss and associated psychological, somatic and sexual symptoms. Despite the increase in research over the last five decades, the development, geographical distribution,...

Sleep and Migraine Interactions in Episodic and Chronic Migraine: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Migraine and sleep disturbances frequently coexist. The study aimed at characterizing sleep disturbances and their association with migraine characteristics. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 253 patients with migraine [patients with episodic migr...

High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features: a clinical and genomic analysis of prognostic factors using a large cohort

BACKGROUND: High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently defined tumor type that is not well-understood. Prognostic factors of clinical outcomes are not well-established. METHODS: Methylation profiling was performed on tumor samples, many at the National Cance...

The development and initial validation of the Perinatal Intrusions Interpretation Index: A novel scale that measures negative appraisals of infant‐related intrusive thoughts

OBJECTIVES: Unwanted and often distressing intrusive thoughts of infant-related harm are common during the perinatal period and are associated with poorer maternal mental health. The mechanisms linking perinatal intrusive thoughts to mental health remain poorly understood. One pr...

Fragment-Based Discovery of BRD4-BD2 Selective Binders: Biophysical Validation and Structural Insights for Domain-Selective Inhibitor Design

Abstract BRD4, a member of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of epigenetic readers, plays a central role in transcriptional regulation and is implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases. Although BRD4 inhibitors targeting both bromodomains have advanced into clinical...

Opioid-Sparing Versus Opioid-Based Analgesia for Craniotomy: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction: Pain control remains a challenge after neurosurgery. Opioid-sparing analgesia may provide better pain relief without opioid-related side effects after craniotomy. We aimed to compare analgesia requirement and postoperative pain between opioid-sparing and opioid-base...

Effect of Add-on Integrated Yoga and Ayurveda Management on Clinical and Neurobiological Parameters in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage. Current disease-modifying therapies demonstrate limited efficacy with substantial adverse effects. Ayurveda and yoga have dem...

Symptomatic Sclerosing Pneumocytoma of Lung: A Diagnostic Challenge with Diverse Morphological Patterns.

Background & Objective: Sclerosing pneumocytoma (SP), formerly termed sclerosing hemangioma, is a rare benign lung neoplasm often detected incidentally. Its histological diversity and dual cell population frequently complicate diagnosis, particularly in small biopsies. Case Prese...

AOSNP‐ADAPTR resource level‐based recommendations on practical diagnostic strategies for medulloblastomas and other embryonal tumors

WHO CNS5 mandates integrated histo-molecular classification of medulloblastomas (MBs) and other CNS embryonal tumors. However, advanced molecular diagnostics remain inaccessible in many low- and lower-middle-income countries (LICs/LMICs), limiting implementation of molecularly in...