National Institute of Economic Research

Organizational Risk Management Under Global Uncertainty: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach to Economic Security and Resilience

Recent financial crises, heightened geopolitical instability, sustained financial volatility, and broader global uncertainty have increased the exposure of private sector organizations to emerging and interconnected economic risks. In this context, systematic and sustainable appr...

Heavy-tail-aware representation learning and dynamic Bayesian state modelling to derive an operational proxy definition of problem gambling risk from routine online gambling data

Abstract Background: Problem gambling causes harm, but operational identification often relies on heuristic thresholds or sparse manual reviews. Routine online gambling logs are heavy-tailed and temporally structured, complicating risk definition and early detection. Methods: We...

Thermal analysis in pharmaceutical sciences: a critical narrative review with focus on drug–excipient interactions

Abstract Thermal analysis has become an indispensable component of the modern pharmaceutical preformulation toolbox, providing rapid, low-mass, and information-rich answers to questions of identity, purity, polymorphism, thermal stability, and—most critically—drug–excipient compa...