National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Use of a single CO₂ coolant in a Cascade manner for thermal protection of hypersonic vehicles

To address the thermal protection of hot-end components in hypersonic vehicles under extreme high-enthalpy aerodynamic heating, this study proposes and experimentally validates a channel–film combined cooling scheme based on the cascaded use of a single CO₂ coolant. Tests were co...

Curvature-controlled instability coupling in hypersonic three-dimensional boundary-layer transition

Abstract Boundary-layer transition on hypersonic lifting bodies is strongly affected by three-dimensional effects and surface curvature, which influence instability development and aerodynamic heating. However, the specific role of curvature in modulating transition behavior rema...