Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute

Spatial Spillover Effects of Drought Disasters on Grain Yields: Evidence from 31 Chinese Provinces

Abstract Drought disasters are the most severe natural disasters affecting China’s grain yields, characterized by prolonged duration and extensive impact. Under the integrity of the ecosystem and the interaction among factors, drought not only directly affects grain yields in the...

Continuous spatiotemporal variations of riverine dissolved organic carbon in the Yangtze River Basin revealed by a river-reach-scale machine learning-based model

Study region The Yangtze River Basin (YRB), China Study focus Riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is critical to the global carbon cycle, while its continuous spatiotemporal variations remain poorly understood in large rivers. This study developed an estimation model at the r...

Investigation of Failure Mechanisms and Performance Optimization of Channel Seepage Control Layers in Cold Regions Under Coupled Wetting, Drying, Freezing, and Thawing Cycles

To address the degradation of seepage-control linings and structural instability of water-conveyance channels under coupled wetting-drying-freeze-thaw conditions in cold regions, this study investigated rehabilitated channels founded on expansive mudstone in northern Xinjiang. A...

Wet–Dry Seasonal Dynamics of River-Network Structure and Connectivity in the Poyang Lake Basin (1990–2025)

Seasonal hydrological fluctuations can substantially reshape river–lake networks, but changes in water extent, network morphology, and structural connectivity may not occur synchronously. This study investigated wet–dry seasonal variations in the Poyang Lake Basin using Landsat i...

Seasonal Fish Passage Patterns Through an Estuarine Fishway in Relation to Tidal Hydraulics

Fish passage through estuarine fishways varies with tides and seasons, but their associations remain poorly understood. At the Cao’e River Sluice fishway, sonar monitoring quantified the timing and intensity of crossing events at a section near the freshwater-side exit over 961 h...

Morphology-Invariance-Driven Transfer between sonar and optical images for underwater defect detection

Underwater defect detection (UDD) from images is essential for the safe operation and maintenance of hydraulic structures. However, UDD remains challenging because of substantial variations in appearance, limited annotated data, and degraded underwater image quality. To mitigate...

Integrity-aware multi-sensor health monitoring of bridges via denoising variational autoencoder

Accurate bridge health monitoring is essential for safety, yet existing methods still suffer from false alarms and limited multi-sensor integration. This study proposes DAVE-PI (Denoising Autoencoder–Variational Embedding Probabilistic Index), a unified and reliable alarming fram...

High-resolution land cover mapping from coarse labels via a noisy label learning-guided cross-scale framework

High-resolution remote sensing images (HRSIs) provide essential data support for land cover mapping, where deep learning has shown great promise. However, deep learning-based methods rely on abundant high-quality annotations, while low-resolution coarse labels are difficult to us...

Combined effects of ceramic polishing powder and GGBS on microstructure and freeze–thaw performance of concrete

The concrete industry faces dual challenges of high carbon emissions and large-scale accumulation of industrial solid wastes, particularly in cold regions where freeze–thaw damage significantly reduces structural durability. This study investigates the combined use of ceramic pol...

Seasonal divergence in GPP- and ET-pathway regulation of ecosystem water use efficiency across vegetation types in water-limited ecosystems

Study region The Loess Plateau, China, encompassing grassland, cropland, shrubland and forest ecosystems. Study focus Ecosystem water-use efficiency (eWUE) reflects carbon–water coupling, yet how environmental effects are transmitted through the carbon (GPP) and water (ET) fluxes...

Evolution of the Deep Channels in the Hechangzhou Anabranching Reach Under the Regulation of Submerged Dikes

The Hechangzhou Anabranching Reach is a typical tidal anabranching segment of the Yangtze River with intense riverbed evolution driven by altered water-sediment regimes and channel regulation. Submerged dikes stabilize river regimes and navigation yet trigger differential local c...

Surface Pre-Coating of Fly Ash Ceramsite for Interfacial Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Enhancement of Lightweight Concrete

The widespread application of fly ash ceramsite as a lightweight aggregate in high-performance concrete is restricted by its inherent defects, including high porosity, high water absorption rate and weak interfacial transition zone (ITZ). In this study, a surface pre-treatment st...

Real-Time Estimation of Loss of Life from Urban Dam Breach Based on Population Heat Maps and Land Use Data

Accurate estimation of loss of life caused by dam breaches is critical for reservoir risk management and emergency planning. Traditional methods rely on static population data with poor timeliness and low spatial resolution. This study proposes a real-time estimation method by in...

Synchronously considering spatial dependence and temporal persistence into a deep learning based method for improving soil moisture spatial resolution

Accurate high-resolution soil moisture (SM) data are essential for understanding land–atmosphere interactions and supporting hydrological applications. However, soil moisture dynamics are inherently shaped by coupled spatial heterogeneity and temporal memory effects, requiring mo...

A Hierarchical Spatiotemporal Index for Bathymetric Data in Approach Channels

Approach channels are affected by sedimentation and scour, resulting in continuous changes in underwater topography. Such processes tend to generate shallow spots and inadequate navigable dimensions, posing safety hazards that undermine both waterway resilience and navigation cap...

Biological Community and Ecosystem Responses to Dam Removal in a Mountain River

Dam removal is a direct measure to restore river connectivity, but the assessment of its ecological effects has long been constrained by the lack of continuous monitoring data across multiple trophic levels. Based on eight years (2017–2024) of continuous field monitoring data fro...

Three-dimensional spatio-temporal propagation dynamics from soil moisture to vegetation droughts across different eco-geographical regions of China

Study region China. Study focus This study investigated the propagation from soil moisture drought (SD) to vegetation drought (VD) across China during 1981–2020 using a three-dimensional (3-D) spatio-temporal clustering framework. SD and VD events were identified based on the Sta...

Study on Threshold Values of Safety Control Indicators for Rapid Drawdown of 200~300 m High Earth-Rockfill Dams

High dams and large reservoirs serve flood control, power generation, water supply and ecological security, where rapid safe drawdown is vital for emergency handling and long-term safe operation. Targeting undefined rapid drawdown control standards for over-200 m ultra-high earth...