Nahrain University

Numerical Evaluation of the Coupling Between Several Directional Coupler Designs

Background Power division, switching, modulation, and wavelength multiplexing in integrated photonics are made possible via directional couplers. Nonlinear effects, material characteristics, and waveguide geometry all affect how they couple. Because of their microstructure claddi...

Mechanical and durability characteristics of nanoalumina modified asphalt mixtures for sustainable pavement applications

Moisture damage is a major factor affecting the durability of hot mix asphalt. This study aimed to investigate the effect of alumina nanoparticles on the physical, mechanical, and moisture-resistant properties of asphalt mixes. Alumina nanoparticles are added to AC (40-50) asphal...

A Comparative Finite Element Study on the Biomechanical Effect of Implant Crown Screw Access Channel Filled by Direct vs. Indirect Restoration Materials

Background: The restorative material used to seal the screw access channel in screw-retained implant-supported crowns may influence the biomechanical behavior and mechanical performance of the restoration. Objective: To evaluate the influence of different screw access channel res...

Dodonaea viscosa–mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and anti-virulence activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of healthcare-associated mortality, with multidrug resistance and biofilm formation limiting treatment options. Anti-virulence strategies targeting adhesin gene expression offer a promising alternative, yet the a...

A cognitive network framework for intelligent 5G systems with AI-based traffic analysis and adaptive optimization

Abstract This paper describes the design of a secure and sustainable communication framework that is specifically targeted for interactive mobile learning platforms and the data of the users are protected through effectively applying lightweight cryptographic methods, characteriz...

The impact of financial technology on strengthening the banking sector

This research aims to study the impact of financial technology on the development of the banking sector, through an analysis of both theoretical and applied aspects. The theoretical aspect addresses the definition of financial technology, its development, and its most prominent t...

Decellularized extracellular matrix bioinks through a polymer engineering lens: tissue-source-dependent macromolecular architecture, crosslinking chemistry, rheological behavior, and 3D bioprinting performance

Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) bioinks are widely regarded as one of the more compositionally faithful hydrogel platforms for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting in tissue engineering. However, the field still lacks a unified polymer engineering framework that links ti...

Reduction of cell viability and alteration of genomic DNA methylation by phthalates in a normal human fibroblast (NHF) cell line in vitro

Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants widely used as plasticizers in poly vinyl chloride products, and growing evidence implicates them in metabolic activity reduction and epigenetic dysregulation. However, their direct effects on non-transformed human cells remain...

Enhancing Seismic Resilience of High-Performance Concrete Pavement Slabs Using Steel, Polypropylene, and Hybrid Fiber Reinforcement

Abstract This study presents a detailed experimental investigation of rigid concrete pavement slabs constructed with high-performance concrete (HPC) reinforced using steel, polypropylene, and hybrid fibres under simulated earthquake loading conditions. The research aims to evalua...