Lanzhou University Second Hospital

Relation-aware dynamic knowledge subgraph enhanced large language models for medical multiple-choice question answering

Medical multiple-choice question answering requires models to simultaneously understand question semantics, candidate-answer differences, and structured relations among medical entities in complex clinical contexts. To address the limitations that existing knowledge-enhanced meth...

Diagnostic value of neutrophil extracellular traps in community-acquired pneumonia and their potential in identifying mixed infection

Abstract Objective To explore the expression characteristics of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and analyze the diagnostic value of NETs as well as their correlation with different infection patterns in CAP. Methods A tot...

Prevalence and geographic variation of enteric pathogens among asymptomatic individuals in China: a nationwide, cross-sectional, multiplex molecular survey

The increasing use of multiplex molecular assays has improved the detection of enteric pathogens, but baseline carriage in asymptomatic populations remains poorly characterized, complicating the interpretation of positive test results. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and g...

Effectiveness and Safety of Fixed‐Dose Combination Metformin and Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective, Multicenter, Real‐World Study From China

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the real-world effectiveness and safety of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of metformin and empagliflozin in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, real-world study enrolled consecutive patient...

Chronic Inflammation, Fibrotic Remodeling, and Regenerative Failure in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disorder initiated by dystrophin deficiency, but disease progression reflects more than sarcolemmal fragility. Recurrent myofiber injury sustains sterile inflammation through damage-associated innate immune signaling and downstream...

Explainable machine learning model based on cardiac CT angiography for predicting functional improvement after atrial fibrillation ablation: a multicenter study

Radiofrequency ablation is an established therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF), but outcomes are heterogeneous in patients with concomitant heart failure (HF). Therefore, we aimed to develop an explainable machine learning (ML) model based on cardiac CT angiography (CTA) for pred...

Heterogeneity in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Cancer heterogeneity drives therapeutic failure, resistance, and relapse and encompasses variation across genetic, cellular, tissue, organ, and systemic scales. Existing frameworks define malignant capabilities and tumor–microenvironment interactions but less explicitly address h...

The application value of DR metal artifact reduction technology in total knee arthroplasty

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of the Digital Radiography (DR) metal artifact reduction (MAR) technology (Enhanced Visualization Processing Plus, EVP Plus) in improving image quality in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients and its clinical value. Methods This explora...

Rethinking ovarian cancer early detection: risk-adapted strategies, diagnostic pathways, and emerging biomarkers

Ovarian cancer early detection remains a major challenge because most patients present with advanced disease, whereas population-wide screening in average-risk women has not shown a clear mortality benefit. This narrative review examines how early detection should be redefined in...

Gilteritinib Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells in Association with Reduced Calpain-1 Expression and Inhibition of STAT3/AKT Signaling

Background/Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide, and current targeted therapeutic options remain inadequate. Gilteritinib, a clinically approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown antitumor activity in hematologi...

Semi-recumbent position for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults requiring mechanical ventilation

RATIONALE: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is associated with increased mortality, hospital stay, and healthcare costs in critically ill patients. Although guidelines recommend a semi-recumbent position for VAP prevention, the evidence remains uncertain due to limitations i...

Association Between Air Pollution and Psoriasis-Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Skin diseases are a group of consequences due to exposure to air pollution that have received less attention. Among these diseases, the relationships between short-term and long-term exposure to air pollutants and psoriasis remain uncertain. The present systematic review and meta...

Diagnostic value of CEUS-VI-RADS for predicting muscle invasion in bladder cancer: Validation of the scoring system and introduction of tumor-bladder wall contact length as a supplementary quantitative metric

Purpose To validate the diagnostic performance of the Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-based Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (CEUS-VI-RADS) and to explore the incremental value of the tumor-bladder wall contact length (TBCL) as a quantitative metric in predicting muscle inv...

Network analysis of illegitimate tasks, emotional labor, and turnover intention among clinical nurses: a cross-sectional study

The persistently high turnover rate of nurses worldwide continues to exacerbate workforce shortages, posing a significant threat to the stability of the nursing workforce and patient outcomes. Illegitimate tasks and emotional labor among nurses are key antecedents of their turnov...

Admission low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and early haematoma expansion after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage

Background The association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and haematoma expansion (HE) after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) remains uncertain. This study evaluated whether admission LDL-C was independently associated with early HE and whether it...

A Multiparametric Approach Integrating Multimodal Ultrasound and Serum TPO ‐Ab for Differentiating Thyroid Carcinoma in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether a multiparametric approach combining grayscale ultrasound (2D-US), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and serum anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) improves the differentiation of benign from malignant thyroid nodules (TNs) in patients with...

Application of guideline-directed medical therapy in women with chronic heart failure

To analyze the implementation status of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in women with chronic heart failure (HF). This cross-sectional study included women with chronic HF admitted to Lanzhou University Second Hospital from January 2022 to December 2025. Patients were c...

Efficacy and Safety of DVDMS ‐Photodynamic Therapy for Dysphagia in Advanced Esophageal Cancer: A Phase II Clinical Trial

ABSTRACT Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a localized treatment for esophageal stenosis and dysphagia in advanced cancer. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Cosiporfin sodium (DVDMS)‐mediated PDT for dysphagia in advanced esophageal cancer. In this Phase II trial, patie...

Double-plate fixation vs locking compression plate anchored monocortical autogenous iliac bone graft in the treatment of humeral shaft nonunion: a retrospective analysis

Abstract Background Humeral shaft nonunion is a challenging problem in orthopedic trauma. There is controversy regarding the choice between double-plate fixation and locking plate combined with structural bone grafting in the treatment of humeral shaft nonunion. This study aims t...

Indole-3-propionic acid is an endogenic agonist of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α to protect the heart against hypoxia

Abstract Tryptophan catabolism by the gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a hub connecting environmental challenges to cardiovascular health. By systematically profiling tryptophan metabolites in humans who had moved from low altitude to an altitude of 4300 m and in mice...