IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute

Unveiling the Productivity Potential of Vertical Farming Through Diverse Crop Cultivation: An Empirical Analysis

While vertical farming may offer high productivity per unit land area and has received increasing attention for urban food production, research has primarily focused on leafy greens and herbs. Although recent studies have also introduced fruiting vegetables and cereal crops, comp...

A layered dynamic material flow framework for modeling building renovations

Abstract Dynamic material flow analysis (dMFA) is widely used to study the material demands of residential building stocks. In most of the studies conducted to date, buildings are modeled as homogeneous units instead of a system of components. A limitation of this assumption is t...