Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche

Evaluation of Dual-Near-Infrared-Wavelength Photobiomodulation Therapy for the Treatment of Canine Otitis Externa: A Prospective Multicenter Pilot Study

This is the first prospective multicenter study investigating photobiomodulation (PBM) in canine OE. Inclusion criteria required an Otitis Index Score 3 (OTIS-3; scale 0–3) ≥1 for erythema and discharge and a Budach cytological score ≥1+ (scale 0–4+) for Malassezia spp. and/or ba...