Islamic University of Madinah

Occupational risk factors for abdominal wall hernias among working-age adults in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional analysis of national health survey and labor force data

Abstract BACKGROUND: Occupational exposures involving heavy manual lifting, prolonged standing, and physically demanding labor represent established risk factors for abdominal wall hernia development. Saudi Arabia’s labor force, characterized by a substantial manual workforce con...

Numerical analysis of melting heat transfer in stratified Casson nanofluid flow over an inclined wedge for energy-efficient thermal systems

Purpose Given the diverse applications of nanoparticles, blood transport and stratified flow in medical and industrial domains, this study was conducted. Design/methodology/approach Nonlinear thermal stratification is used to capture realistic, high-gradient thermal environments...

Oil rents and domestic price dynamics: evidence from ten OPEC economies

Oil-exporting economies face overlapping domestic price pressures, global energy shocks, and changes in resource income. This study examines relationships among consumer prices, oil rents, and the GDP deflator in ten OPEC economies from 1990-2021, accounting for country differenc...

Shear-center shifting in oblique stagnation-point Casson flow over a rotating disk: A hybrid numerical–AI approach

Casson fluid flow over a rotating disk is relevant to industrial and biomedical systems involving yield-stress fluids, including blood-handling devices, polymer processing, coating, lubrication, printing, and food processing. In such applications, prediction of shear stress, mome...

Adsorption of hazardous Acid Violet 17 on Vachellia nilotica biochar: experimental and statistical physics modelling

Abstract Inadequate management of chemical industrial effluents necessitates the development of high-capacity, sustainable wastewater treatment technologies. This study investigates the adsorptive removal of hazardous Acid Violet 17 (AV17) dye using a novel biochar derived from V...

An explainable vision transformer approach for automated neurological disorder classification from brain MRI scans

Abstract Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and brain tumors early enough to matter still depends heavily on brain MRI, and brain MRI still depends on radiologists who are in short supply almost everywhere. Convolutional neural networks have made real p...

DICD-IE: an expert-annotated benchmark for evaluating pretrained biomedical language models in dental implant literature and clinical knowledge extraction

Dental implant literature contains clinically important information on risk factors, treatments, outcomes, and, in rare cases, co-occurrences with oral cancer have been reported. However, this information is typically embedded in concise narrative statements, which complicates au...

Data-driven optimization of a biomass–geothermal system for power and green ammonia production

This study presents a hybrid biomass–geothermal energy system for simultaneous power generation and ammonia production. The system integrates biomass conversion via gasification or anaerobic digestion, a gas turbine cycle, a geothermal-assisted organic Rankine cycle (ORC), thermo...

Severity of activity limitation and prevalence of long COVID: a nationally representative cross-sectional study of adults in Scotland

Abstract Background Long COVID is a persistent contributor to population morbidity, and people with disabilities experience substantial and often avoidable health disadvantage worldwide. Whether long COVID is disproportionately reported among adults with current functional limita...

Trends in premarital hemoglobinopathy screening and genetic counseling outcomes: A serial cross-sectional analysis of Saudi National Registry Data (2016–2023)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Thalassemia and sickle cell disease are the most prevalent inherited hemoglobinopathies in Saudi Arabia, imposing substantial clinical and economic burden. The Saudi mandatory premarital screening and genetic counseling program, established in 2004, represen...

Exact Stability Atlases and a Memoryless-Surrogate Failure Theorem for a Caputo Allee Predator-Prey Model

We study a strong-Allee predator–prey system with Holling type-II predation under a commensurate Caputo derivative of order α∈(0,1]. The coexistence equilibrium is given in closed form, and its local fractional stability reduces to the trace and determinant of the Jacobian, both...

Multifunctional TiO₂-modified cement mortar: experimental investigation, machine learning prediction, and life cycle assessment

Abstract TiO₂-modified cement mortar is a multifunctional construction material that enhances both mechanical performance and environmental remediation. This study investigated the photocatalytic activity, compressive strength, machine learning prediction, and life cycle assessme...

Stochastic thermoelastic wave dynamics in triple-porous biological tissue: a fractional-order nonlocal framework

Purpose This study aims to develop a stochastic bio-thermoelastic framework to investigate heat transport and thermoelastic wave propagation in multi-porous human skin under thermal loading, incorporating thermal memory, nonlocal interactions, hierarchical porosity and stochastic...

Designing Ni3N/CDTs heterostructure for superior alkaline electrochemical activity: Insights from theory to experiment

The creation of efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst are vital for hydrogen energy sustainability. Here, Ni 3 N/CDTs has been synthesized through hydrothermal method that unveils enhanced conductivity, better electronic structure, having greater number of act...

A study on the synthesis and characterization of maleate-functionalized Artemisia vulgaris hydrogel for Ni(II) adsorption from groundwater: mechanism, kinetics, and reusability

Life on Earth is at risk due to widespread pollution from industrialization and human activities. The presence of harmful heavy metal ions in drinking water sources is amongst the key pollutants that require immediate remediation. The seeds of the Artemisia vulgaris plant were us...

Slow–fast nonlinear dynamics and non-normal relaxation pulses near exceptional points in an autonomous Kerr dimer

We study an active–passive Kerr dimer in which a slow saturable reservoir and unequal Kerr shifts make the optical state drive its own non-Hermitian spectral trajectory. Direct integration shows stable narrow relaxation pulses with T = 248.077 and I max = 24.604 , preceded by fin...

Advanced industrial-scale recycling of nickel waste alloys: a driver for circular economy objectives

An eco-friendly electrochemical method of nickel alloy waste leaching was developed for circular economy. The nickel concentration was 72.11 g/L in 100 g/L HCl after 90 A·h, 60 °C and 5 A/dm2 current, while 37.37 g/L nickel was obtained in 100 g/L H₂SO₄ under these conditions. Th...

Case study of intelligent thermal performance optimization for hybrid battery thermal management systems through CFD-driven surrogate modeling and multi-criteria decision analysis

Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) play a critical role in maintaining the safety, thermal uniformity, and energy efficiency of lithium-ion battery packs operating under demanding conditions. However, the coupled thermal interactions among multiple cooling technologies an...

Unseen barriers to home healthcare: a qualitative study of providers’ perspectives from Saudi Arabia

This study investigated the challenges of providing care in Home Health Care (HHC) settings in Saudi Arabia. We employed a qualitative design and used thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes in the data supplemented with selected techniques commonly associated with grou...

Artificial Intelligence, Green Innovation, and the Clean-Energy Market: A Quantile-Based Analysis

Artificial intelligence is increasingly viewed as both a catalyst for clean-energy development and a potential constraint on green innovation. This study examines the quantile-specific relationships between artificial intelligence, clean-energy market performance, and green innov...