Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Performance of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms in prediction of breast cancer distant metastasis via imaging: a systematic review and meta‑analysis

Distant metastasis is a major cause of breast cancer mortality. Early prediction may support risk-adapted surveillance and treatment planning. We evaluated imaging-based machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for predicting future distant metastasis in patients witho...

Association of Diagnosis Age with Clinical Characteristics and MRI Findings in Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Age at multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis may be associated with clinical course, inflammatory activity, and disability accrual, but evidence across the full age spectrum remains limited. We compared clinical and radiological features, phenotype distribution, and time...

The lived experiences of social stigma among individuals with multiple sclerosis: a qualitative phenomenological study using Colaizzi’s method

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease associated with physical, psychological, and social challenges. Beyond the burden of neurological symptoms, individuals with MS may experience social stigma that affects their identity, relationships, emotional well-being,...

Effectiveness of optradam versus conventional rubber dam isolation on dental anxiety in children– a randomized clinical study

Abstract Background Effective isolation is essential for successful pediatric dental treatment; however, conventional rubber dam placement may increase discomfort and anxiety because of clamp application. OptraDam, a clamp-free isolation system, has been introduced to improve pat...

Effect of a Self‐Regulation Skills Training Program on Cognitive Flexibility in Patients With Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT Background Psychological well‐being is a critical component of disease management and recovery in patients with cardiovascular disorders. Cognitive flexibility, as a key psychological determinant, significantly influences adaptive functioning and health‐related outcomes....

Possible role of bacterial infection in embryo implantation failure

Embryo implantation is a critical and complex process that requires coordination between the embryo and the receptive endometrium for its success. However, a multitude of factors have the potential to contribute to implantation failure. Among these factors, bacterial infections i...

Cross-dataset transcriptomic analysis identifies oxidative Stress–inflammation gene networks modulated by nutrigenomic interventions in Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are key to Parkinson’s disease (PD). We performed a cross-dataset integrative transcriptomic analysis to identify OS- and inflammation-related hub genes consistently dysregulated in PD and to explore gene–compound relationships usin...

Not All Extracellular Vesicles Are Equal: A Narrative Comparative Review of Source-Dependent Function and Therapeutic Potential

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly investigated as cell-free therapeutic platforms, yet EVs from different cellular sources are often considered functionally interchangeable despite substantial biological heterogeneity. This narrative comparative review evaluated how E...

From knowledge to action: health literacy and health-promoting behaviors in parents of autistic children, a cross-sectional study in Iran

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) depend on their parents for their health and well-being, especially in Iran where formal services for children with ASD are limited and families play a central role in daily care. The most effective diagnostic and therapeutic intervent...

Comparative efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients following pulmonary valve replacement: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in pediatric and young adult populations necessitates effective thromboprophylaxis due to the potential risk of thromboembolic complications. Warfarin, though traditionally used, presents limitations in children due to its nar...

Aureocin A53 as a therapeutic agent against drug-resistant mycobacteria including M. tuberculosis and non-tuberculous strains

The global rise of tuberculosis (TB) and increasing drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. tuberculosis ) highlight the urgent need for novel antimycobacterial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), particularly bacteriocins, offer promising therapeutic options or adj...

Association between body mass index and medial longitudinal arch parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Foot structure and function are influenced by biomechanical and anthropometric factors, with Body Mass Index (BMI) proposed as an important determinant. Elevated BMI may be associated with alterations in the medial longitudinal arch (MLA); however, existing evidence is inconsiste...

Patient attitudes of smartphone use by medical staff in teaching hospital emergency departments

Purpose This study investigate patient attitudes towards the use of smartphones by medical staff in teaching hospital emergency departments. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 in the emergency departments of Ferdow...

Influence of Various Tooth Preparation Designs on Stress Distribution in Anterior Ceramic Veneers: A Systematic Review of Finite Element Analysis Studies

ABSTRACT Objective This systematic review compared the stress distribution patterns in anterior ceramic veneers with different tooth preparation designs by evaluating finite element analysis (FEA) studies, aiming to improve understanding of this biomechanical aspect related to cl...

Association of dietary phytochemical index (DPI) with psychological disorders and serum levels of adropin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Iranian adults

Considering the contradictory findings of earlier studies in terms of association between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and psychological disorders, this study evaluated relationship between DPI and psychological disorders (as primary outcome), regarding their association wit...

Cabergoline-associated non-necrotizing granulomatous pleuritis: a case report and literature review

Cabergoline is a dopamine agonist commonly used in the treatment of Parkinson disease, and some cases of cabergoline-associated pleural effusion have been reported in the literature. The present report describes a case of pleural effusion, pleural thickening, and granulomatous pl...

Pathways to empowerment of adolescent mothers: a policy-oriented approach for improving postpartum self-efficacy and health service access within Iran’s health system

Adolescent motherhood is a complex public health and social challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where cultural norms and policy frameworks intersect. Teen mothers often enter parenthood without adequate emotional readiness, social support, or access to you...

Over reliance on prior expectations in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

Abstract Cognitive impairment is a common and disabling feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). Bayesian models of perception and action provide a powerful framework to better understand how cognitive processes are altered in MS. In this case-control study, we employed a time reprodu...

Photocatalytic performance and acoustic absorption of TiO2 nanoparticle-coated mineral wool

Science and technology, the use of tools and various instruments in the production process and exposure of workers to different damaging elements, such as sound, harmful gas and vapors have led to ever-increasing attention to the worker’s occupational health as the main asset in...

How age and sex interaction is associated with immune aging with implications for vaccines and age-related autoimmunity

Immunosenescence is not a uniform decline but a trajectory shaped jointly by age and sex. Using continuous high-dimensional immunophenotyping, we show that aging T cells accumulate a senescent signature of CD28 loss and CD57 gain, and that males reach an inverted CD4:CD8 ratio ea...