International Islamic University Malaysia

Defining specialised expertise in dental education

Dental education is a broad, multifaceted, and interdisciplinary scholarly field encompassing key domains, including curriculum design, teaching and learning, assessment, leadership, programme evaluation, and educational research. However, the definition of expertise in dental ed...

Effect of Waste Cooking Oil and Tapioca Starch on Energy Content and Combustion Performance of Coconut Shell-Rice Husk Briquettes

Agricultural waste, such as coconut shells and rice husks, is widely utilized as solid fuel. Tapioca starch serves as the binder, while waste cooking oil (WCO) is used as an additive. Briquette performance is influenced by the type of biomass, binder, and additives used. However,...

FedStaP: Shared Feature Statistics and Prior-Calibrated Training for Non-IID Federated Intrusion Detection in IoT Networks

Federated learning allows IoT gateways to train a shared intrusion detector without exporting traffic records, but gateways observe different attack classes and scale their flow features differently. Stateful optimisers such as SCAFFOLD correct the resulting client drift at the c...

Determinants of crowdfunder’s behavior in using the crowdfunding waqf model for poverty alleviation in Somalia

Poverty remains a persistent and multidimensional challenge across many parts of the Muslim world. Somalia is among the poorest Muslim countries due to poverty, which hinders social and economic development. Hence, this paper adopts the TAM to examine the key factors that influen...

The Situation and Factors Associated with Dental Caries Among Preschool Children in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) remains a major public health concern and is influenced by interactions among children, environmental, and dental care factors. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries and identify factors associated with den...

Cryptocurrency investment intention among youth entrepreneurs in Mogadishu, Somalia: an extended theory of planned behaviour approach

Cryptocurrency investment has become a risky area of digital finance, especially for youth entrepreneurs in fragile economies where formal financial systems and investor-protection mechanisms remain limited. In Somalia, the growth of digital finance and mobile-money use has gener...

If We Don't Define It, We Can't Evaluate It: Competency Frameworks for Assessing Dental Educators’ Performance in Academic Roles

ABSTRACT Dental educators are increasingly expected to undertake complex roles extending beyond clinical teaching, including curriculum design, assessment, leadership, and scholarship. However, competence as a dental educator remains poorly defined and inconsistently evaluated. C...

AI-Enhanced Anomaly Detection in Water Treatment Plants

Industrial water treatment plants are increasingly dependent on cyber–physical systems (CPS) and automated control processes for their operational safety and efficiency. However, the embedding of digital control networks exposes these critical infrastructures to sophisticated cyb...

SoP-CTR: A Lightweight Stream Cipher with Beyond-Birthday-Bound Security for IoT and Embedded Devices

As systems migrate toward post-quantum readiness, symmetric keys are kept longer and protect larger data volumes, a regime in which keystream security beyond the birthday bound matters. The dominant block–cipher counter mode, AES-CTR (Advanced Encryption Standard, counter mode),...

A qualitative study on feeding experiences among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy requiring food texture modification

Background and purpose Children with cerebral palsy often experience feeding difficulties that require food texture modification and are highly dependent on their caregivers, which commonly lead to malnutrition. This study aimed to explore caregiver's current practices, perceptio...

Magnetic Macro Drivers of Trade Openness: A Study of MENA Countries

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to systematically scrutinise the influence of macro determinants on trade openness, through the lens of various trade theories, with a particular focus on the economies of the Middle East North African countries from 1995 to 2023. The anal...

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EARLY VERSUS DELAYED ENDOVASCULAR COILING FOR RUPTURED INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS: CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND PRE-PROCEDURAL STRATEGIES

Abstract Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a critical neurologic emergency with high mortality and disability. Prompt aneurysm securing is essential to reduce the risk of rebleeding, yet the optimal timing of endovascular coiling remains debated—especially...

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EARLY VERSUS DELAYED ENDOVASCULAR COILING FOR RUPTURED INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS: CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND PRE-PROCEDURAL STRATEGIES

Abstract Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a critical neurologic emergency with high mortality and disability. Prompt aneurysm securing is essential to reduce the risk of rebleeding, yet the optimal timing of endovascular coiling remains debated—especially...

Vancomycin optimised dosing regimens for critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy

Optimal dosing of vancomycin in critically ill patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) is uncertain due to high pharmacokinetic variability. We aimed to develop individualised vancomycin dosing recommendations that optimise efficacy while minimising toxicity. Prospecti...