International Finance Corporation

GIS-Based Spatial Assessment of Urban Engineering Geological Conditions Using Borehole and Laboratory Data: A Case Study of Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

Assessment of urban engineering geological conditions is often constrained by the uneven distribution and variable completeness of site-investigation data. This study presents a GIS-based spatial assessment of ground conditions in Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, using archival borehole rec...

ISLAMIC FINANCE AND THE SDGS IN DUAL SYSTEMS: A SELECTIVE-CHANNELS VIEW

This study examines whether Islamic finance advances the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) uniformly or through selective channels across economies with dual financial systems. Using a panel of 20 economies over the period 2014–2024, associations with the SDGs are estimated us...