Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

EXAMINATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM, FISCAL FEDERALISM, AND SUBNATIONAL GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN AFTER THE 2010 EIGHTEENTH AMENDMENT

The Eighteenth Amendment (2010) transformed Pakistan's federation through decentralization, examining constitutional reform, fiscal federalism, and provincial autonomy, revealing legal success constrained by capacity gaps, fiscal tensions, and stalled local government devolution...

EXAMINATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM, FISCAL FEDERALISM, AND SUBNATIONAL GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN AFTER THE 2010 EIGHTEENTH AMENDMENT

The Eighteenth Amendment (2010) transformed Pakistan's federation through decentralization, examining constitutional reform, fiscal federalism, and provincial autonomy, revealing legal success constrained by capacity gaps, fiscal tensions, and stalled local government devolution...

Challenges and opportunities of generative artificial intelligence models in audio/acoustic domain: a comprehensive survey

Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed image and text processing, but its adoption in the audio/acoustic domain remains underexplored due to inherent challenges in modeling long-term temporal dependencies in one-dimensional signals and achieving human-pe...