Institute for Social and Economic Change

Do Farmer-Producer Organizations increase smallholder incomes? An econometric evaluation of carrot farmers and market channel innovations in India

Abstract Background : Farmer-Producer Organizations (FPOs) have emerged as an important institutional mechanism for improving the market participation and income of smallholder farmers. However, empirical evidence on their causal impact remains limited due to potential self-selec...

Impact of adult literacy programmes on the lives of women in slum of Bangalore

This study investigates the role of adult literacy programs in empowering women living in the slums of Bangalore. Addressing a significant research gap, it examines changes in participants’ awareness of rights, education, economic opportunities, and living standards. The study pr...