Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure

Macroevolutionary Rates of Species Interactions: Approximate Bayesian Inference from Cophylogenies

Abstract Understanding the macroevolutionary dynamics of species interactions such as parasitisms, commensalisms, and mutualisms is an important goal in evolutionary ecology. To this end, statistical inference from time-calibrated cophylogenies holds promising potential. However,...

Contribution of mechanical forces in multiciliated cell differentiation

Abstract Multiciliated cells, through the coordinated beating of motile cilia, are vital for moving fluids in the brain and mucus in the airways and in the reproductive organs. Their dysfunction leads to diseases, associated with chronic airway infections, subfertility and ventri...

Questioning the Evidence for Host-Symbiont Codiversification in Mycorrhizal Symbioses

Abstract The vast majority of plants form mycorrhizal symbioses. The ecological importance of these mutualistic interactions has sparked interest in their long evolutionary history. By examining interaction networks and phylogenetic trees, several studies have suggested that plan...

Critical neuronal avalanches arise from excitation-inhibition balanced spontaneous activity

Neuronal avalanches are sequences of neural activations exhibiting scale-invariant statistics, indicative of critical dynamics. Theoretical studies proposed that the balance between excitation (E) and inhibition (I), along with neuromodulation, are key factors influencing this cr...