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- Health & MedicineOpen access
The timing of physical activity and exercise has been suggested to play a role in metabolic health. This narrative review synthesises current evidence on the impact of habitual physical activity and exercise timing on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, blood lipids and...
- BiologyOpen access
ABSTRACT Background Falls are the leading cause of injury in older adults. Sedative‐hypnotic use is a known risk factor, but their use for insomnia continues to be common. Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) are a new, potentially safer class of medications for insomnia. We...
- BiologyOpen access
Climate change adaptation in sub-Saharan Africa depends on the effectiveness of meso-level organizations (MLOs) in negotiating the needs of rural community beneficiaries and the aims of macro-level policy and finance actors. In this region, however, the traditional sector-based t...
- Health & Medicine
Clinical Prediction With Time-Varying Predictors in Pediatric Hospital Medicine
Clinical prediction models traditionally rely on measurements obtained at a single time point to estimate risk and guide management. However, the clinical status of hospitalized children often evolves during admission, and time-varying measurements obtained over the course of hos...
- Health & Medicine
RATIONALE: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is associated with increased mortality, hospital stay, and healthcare costs in critically ill patients. Although guidelines recommend a semi-recumbent position for VAP prevention, the evidence remains uncertain due to limitations i...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Engaging youth in end-of-life care: The 3 Wishes Project experience
Background Citizen engagement can create a community of compassion for dying hospitalized patients. Objectives To describe a family co-designed end-of-life intervention engaging schoolchildren, and characterize dying hospitalized patients and their terminal wishes. Methods This c...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Balancing altruism, risk and ethics: Vietnamese students’ views on human challenge studies
Introduction Human challenge studies (HCS) have been proposed to accelerate the development of health interventions and strengthen research capacity in low- and middle-income countries. However, implementation in settings such as Vietnam, where clinical care facilities and resear...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Respiratory Syncytial Virus–Related Hospitalizations Among Infants Receiving Nirsevimab
Importance Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of hospitalization among infants. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody that protects against severe RSV, was publicly funded for all infants in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec starting in the fa...
- Health & Medicine
Background Alcohol use is a growing public health concern in most LMICs, where weak regulatory systems operate alongside competing economic interests. While studies have documented the involvement of the alcohol industry in policy processes globally, evidence on these processes h...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Sex & Gender Science: integrating the social with the biological
Abstract For decades, researchers have largely studied aspects of sex and gender separately; the former as a basic science and the latter as a social construct with real world consequences, including health inequities. In recent years, as our collective understanding of how the b...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
OBJECTIVE To conduct a pragmatic, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the effectiveness of six registered dietitian–led medical nutrition therapy (MNT) sessions compared with six virtual, hands-on culinary medicine (CM) sessions for improving glycemic control among patients with...
- BiologyOpen access
Plurality in transformative change: Three co‐created pathways toward nature‐positive Europe(s)
1.The accelerating decline of biodiversity necessitates transformative change to protect nature and society, requiring innovative actions and governance strategies. This paper focuses on developing diverse transformative pathways for biodiversity in Europe and advancing methodolo...
- AI & Computing
The historical development of sample size estimation: from Huygens and Bernoulli to the present
This paper traces the historical development of frequentist sample size estimation from its philosophical origins to its present-day complexity. Preliminary concepts were identified by Christiaan Huygens’ work on expected value and Jacob Bernoulli’s law of large numbers , which f...
- AI & ComputingOpen access
Abstract Background Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) encompasses a wide range of healthcare practices and is of growing global interest. Preprints, scientific manuscripts posted prior to formal peer review, offer opportunities to address challenges in T...
- BiologyOpen access
<title>Abstract</title> This analysis examines the meso-level organizations (MLOs) that are core climate change adaptation (CCA) actors responsible for interweaving micro-level rural community needs with macro-level policy and finance intentions, using qualitative data from four...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Distribution-sensitive predictors of gait speed in adults aged 45–85 years in the CLSA
Gait speed, known as the ‘sixth vital sign’ is an indicator of functional health and aging. Identifying drivers of midlife gait changes is critical for timely intervention, yet most evidence focuses on older adults and overlooks non-linear, heterogeneous effects. We applied machi...
- Health & Medicine
Systematic evidence review on radiosensitizers and the abscopal effects of radiotherapy
BACKGROUND: The abscopal effect, defined as regression of non-irradiated tumors following localized radiotherapy (RT), is increasingly recognized as an immune-mediated phenomenon. Radiosensitizers may enhance this effect by amplifying radiation-induced immunogenicity and systemic...
- Health & MedicineOpen access
Abstract Provide expert-informed guidance on the integration of aflibercept 8 mg into routine clinical care for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO), based on clinical trial and real-world evidence. Sixteen retina spe...