IBM (United States)

Brain signatures of body mass index predict cardiometabolic and respiratory disease status

Abstract Despite advances in brain biomarkers using neural networks, the effects of body mass on brain structure have been neglected, particularly in connection with noncommunicable diseases. Here, we isolated brain biomarkers of body mass index (BMI) and evaluated their associat...

Understanding Automated Program Repair Agents through the Lens of Traceability: An Empirical Study

Automated Program Repair (APR) agents leverage large language models (LLMs) to autonomously diagnose and patch software bugs using planning, reasoning, and tools. Although these agents show strong performance on leaderboards such as SWE-bench, little is understood about how they...

Selectivity in Tip-Induced Skeletal Editing via Heteroatom Substitution

Abstract Skeletal editing enables precise structural modifications of molecules at late stages of a synthetic sequence. We recently demonstrated skeletal editing on a single-molecule scale. Voltage pulses applied by the tip of a scanning probe microscope to an oxygen-containing s...

The Python simulations of chemistry framework: 10 years of an open-source quantum chemistry project

Over the past decade, the Python-based Simulations of Chemistry Framework (PySCF) has developed into a widely used open-source platform for electronic-structure theory and quantum chemical method development. This article reviews the major advances since the previous overview in...

Understanding sidewall passivation composition of single-step non-Bosch processes for deep Si etch using alternative gas mixtures

Bosch processes involving C4F8 and SF6 have been conventionally used for through-silicon via etch. However, given the high global warming potential of C4F8 and the importance of high aspect-ratio deep-Si etch processes for packaging applications in next-generation technology node...

Enhancing operational wind downscaling capabilities over Canada: Application of a Conditional Wasserstein GAN methodology

Abstract Downscaling based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for improving the spatial resolution of weather forecasts. This study advances wind downscaling by extending the DownGAN framework introduced by Annau et al. to operational Cana...

Individualized statin associated type 2 diabetes risk estimation with a deep causal model

Statin therapy reduces cardiovascular risk, but recorded statin exposure is associated with subsequent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in some populations. Individualized risk estimation and separation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-mediated from non-LDL components remain c...

A foundation model for sleep-based risk stratification and clinical outcomes

Abstract Clinical sleep studies capture multiple physiologic signals, yet interpretation is often reduced to single summary measures of limited prognostic value, such as the apnea–hypopnea index. We present a foundation model that learns rich representations of sleep physiology f...