Hoa Sen University

From Chatgpt-Supported English Learning to Communicative Confidence: The Mediating Roles of Motivation and Learning Autonomy among University EFL Learners

This study investigates how ChatGPT-supported English learning contributes to university students’ motivation, learning autonomy, and communicative confidence in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. Drawing on technology acceptance, self-determination, learner autonomy...

A Hybrid Multi‐Phase DEA Window‐ GRA Approach to Assessing the Dynamic Performance and Environmental Trade‐Offs of the Container Shipping Industry

ABSTRACT The global container shipping industry underwent significant transformations from 2016 to 2023, shaped by post‐Hanjin bankruptcy consolidation, COVID‐19 disruptions, and the onset of mandatory decarbonization. Throughout these phases, container shipping lines (CSLs) had...