Helsinki Institute of Physics

An integrated spatially defined roadmap of normal and cancer-associated colon fibroblasts

Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumorigenesis and represent potential therapeutic targets, highlighting the need for precise understanding of CAF heterogeneity. In colorectal cancer (CRC), CAF subsets and nomenclature vary widely, and many studies overlook t...

Who is Responsible for Tackling Professional Deskilling?

Abstract There has been increasing interest across several professional fields in problems of deskilling , that is, the loss or the lack of development of human skills due to outsourcing tasks to artificial intelligence. Avigail Ferdman (“AI Deskilling is a Structural Problem.” A...

Eco-evolutionary dynamics and environmental detoxification jointly shape bacterial community response to antibiotic perturbation

Microbial communities frequently encounter recurrent antibiotic disturbance, yet how ecological, evolutionary, and environmental processes jointly shape community responses remains unresolved. Here, we use priming to describe the history-dependent effect whereby prior exposure al...

Housing tenure, climate resilience, and ecological segregation

A key challenge to ensuring no one is left behind in the green transition lies in the persistent segregation of urban populations and the unequal distribution of environmental costs and benefits. Residential segregation has long reinforced socioeconomic and racialized disparities...

The Python simulations of chemistry framework: 10 years of an open-source quantum chemistry project

Over the past decade, the Python-based Simulations of Chemistry Framework (PySCF) has developed into a widely used open-source platform for electronic-structure theory and quantum chemical method development. This article reviews the major advances since the previous overview in...

Identification of a nanosecond isomer of $$^{164}$$Tb

Abstract This letter reports on the identification of a new isomeric state of $$^{164}$$ 164 Tb ( $$Z=65$$ Z = 65 , $$N=99$$ N = 99 ), which was measured with the DESPEC setup at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH following the first relativistic fragmentation...

A numerical implementation of the NLO DIS structure functions in the dipole picture

We present a numerical program that evaluates deep inelastic scattering (DIS) structure functions at next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy in the dipole picture. In this numerical implementation the NLO DIS impact factors with massive quarks are written in a form that ensures a st...

Codebase release 1.0 for NLODIS

We present a numerical program that evaluates deep inelastic scattering (DIS) structure functions at next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy in the dipole picture. In this numerical implementation the NLO DIS impact factors with massive quarks are written in a form that ensures a st...

Inclusive charm and bottom quark pair production cross sections at hadron colliders at next-to-next-to-leading-order accuracy

Abstract The inclusive cross sections for charm (ccbar) and bottom (bbbar) quark-antiquark pair production in proton-proton, proton-antiproton, and proton-nucleus collisions are studied over a wide range of center-of-mass energies, √ s ≈ 10 GeV-400 TeV. All existing data over √ s...

Obesity and sarcopenia affect the metabolite profiles of pet dogs

ABSTRACT Overweight and reduced muscle mass significantly affect canine health, yet their metabolic implications in dogs require further investigation. This study aimed to characterize metabolic alterations associated with overweight, obesity, and reduced muscle mass in dogs. An...

Curve fitting algorithm for multimodal particle size distributions – a theoretical basis

Abstract. Here we detail an open-source curve fitting algorithm for multimodal particle size distributions (MPSDs) and evaluate it against a ten-year dataset of ambient particle size distribution (PSD) measurements collected at Storm Peak Laboratory, a remote mountainous research...

Engineering structured solid amine sorbents from industrial slag-derived nanocomposites for CO2 capture

The demand for shaped/structured sorbents that utilize inorganic support is steadily increasing, as many startups heavily use primary amine-functionalized ion exchange resins. Meanwhile, the cost of sorbents for direct CO2 capture from air is high, and the use of virgin raw mater...

Exploring the hydrogen abstraction pathway in HOM formation from α -pinene photooxidation systems under varying NO conditions

Abstract. Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOM) are formed via autoxidation during ⚫OH-initiated oxidation of α-pinene. We investigated the relative contributions of OH-addition and hydrogen (H)-abstraction to HOM formation from α-pinene photooxidation under varying nitrogen...

Sexual dimorphism in root exudation mediates belowground neighbor recognition and shapes rhizosphere soil microbial assembly

Summary Sexual dimorphism in physiological traits is a hallmark of dioecious plants, yet whether these differences extend belowground to mediate neighbor recognition and rhizosphere microbiome assembly remains largely unexplored. Using split‐root experiments, 13 C‐pulse labeling,...