Hefei Institutes of Physical Science

Advanced Variance Reduction Methods for Monte Carlo Particle Transport: A Comprehensive Review

The Monte Carlo (MC) method is the reference approach for particle transport simulation in complex three-dimensional geometries and continuous-energy problems, where it avoids the phase-space discretization required by deterministic methods; yet its 1/N convergence rate renders b...

Artificial Neural Networks for RF Passive-Device Modeling and Design: A Review

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) offer efficient surrogates for radio-frequency (RF) passive-device modeling and design, but prediction accuracy alone does not establish their engineering reliability. This review examines four overlapping analytical perspectives: data generation...

Exclusive Detection of Dimethyl Sulfide by a Pd–WO3 Sensor with the CuO/Al2O3 Filtering Overlayer

Abstract Selective detection of trace (weakly reducing) dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in highly humid exhaled breath using metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors, with the presence of strong reducing H2S interference gas, is essential for the early diagnosis of hepatic diseases. Howeve...

ARID1B promotes DNA end resection via MDC1 and co-transactivation of DNA repair genes with c-MYC in small cell lung cancer

Abstract AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B (ARID1B) has been implicated in DNA damage repair; however, its precise molecular mechanisms and contributions to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) pathogenesis remain incompletely defined. In this study, analysis of clinical...

Influence of Gas Flow on Ion Transport in PTR-MS Drift Tubes Using an Electro-Hydrodynamic Coupled Model

Abstract Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is widely used for the real-time detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Previous efforts to improve PTR-MS sensitivity have mainly focused on electric-field optimization, whereas the influence of macroscopic ga...

A dual-channel deep learning framework integrating preoperative and intraoperative multi-phase data for predicting post-ablation recurrence in atrial fibrillation

Predicting atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation is essential for optimizing postoperative management. This study developed the Ablation-Clinical Fusion Transformer (ACFT), a dual-channel framework integrating structured intraoperative ablation sequences wit...

Study on the influence of different heating modes on aerosol release stability of heated tobacco products

Abstract The puff-by-puff release stability of aerosols generated by heated tobacco products (HTPs) is a key factor influencing consumers’ sensory experience. This study systematically investigates the effects of different heating modes and the compatibility between heated tobacc...

Design of High‐Performance OSL Dosimetric Materials: Prediction of Optically Stimulated Luminescence Properties in Doped BeO Based on Density Functional Theory

Beryllium oxide (BeO), as an optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) material, possesses unique application advantages in the field of radiation dosimetry due to its effective atomic number close to that of human tissues. To break through the limitation that the research and deve...

Parametric effects and rate-limiting mechanism analysis of tritium extraction process in permeator against vacuum

Achieving high-efficiency tritium extraction represents a significant engineering challenge in the context of liquid breeder blanket concepts. The present paper focuses on the permeator against vacuum technology, establishing three-dimensional transport models and one-dimensional...

Transformation of Active Sites on Cobalt Sulfide Nanoclusters With Similar Nuclearities

Reduced cobalt sulfide nanoclusters are promising materials; however, their synthesis has long posed significant challenges due to the high reactivity of both cobalt and sulfur. Furthermore, the respective influence of cobalt and sulfur on the properties remains unknown. Herein,...

NBS ‐Mediated Mitsunobu Glycosylation: Facile Assembly of N ‐Glycosides from Unprotected Sugars and Application to Polysaccharide Analysis

Comprehensive Summary Chemical N ‐glycosylation is a crucial step in the synthesis of complex N ‐glycosides, particularly nucleosides. However, traditional carbohydrate chemistry often relies heavily on protecting groups, which can lead to cumbersome, time‐consuming substrate pre...

Transformation of Active Sites on Cobalt Sulfide Nanoclusters With Similar Nuclearities

ABSTRACT Reduced cobalt sulfide nanoclusters are promising materials; however, their synthesis has long posed significant challenges due to the high reactivity of both cobalt and sulfur. Furthermore, the respective influence of cobalt and sulfur on the properties remains unknown....

Asymmetrically Coordinated p ‐Block Aluminum Single‐Atom Sites for Stable Na─S Batteries

ABSTRACT Main‐group metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are promising for sodium−sulfur (Na─S) batteries owing to their low toxicity and economic viability, yet their inherently poor catalytic activity limits the electrochemical performance. Moreover, the electronic interplay invo...

Asymmetrically Coordinated p ‐Block Aluminum Single‐Atom Sites for Stable Na─S Batteries

ABSTRACT Main‐group metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) are promising for sodium−sulfur (Na─S) batteries owing to their low toxicity and economic viability, yet their inherently poor catalytic activity limits the electrochemical performance. Moreover, the electronic interplay invo...

CCR2-mediated chemotactic plant-derived extracellular vesicles for targeting and remodeling the immune microenvironment in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury treatment

The recruitment of peripheral immune cells into the brain and the subsequent formation of an inflammatory microenvironment are key drivers of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Current nanosystem-based therapeutic strategies primarily target the brain parenchyma, yet of...

Temporal Evolution and Vertical Distribution of Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Mixing State within the Boundary Layer Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Abstract Characteristics of individual particles and aerosol mixing state strongly influence atmospheric chemistry, radiation, and cloud formation yet remain poorly constrained. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of size-resolved particle composition in a coastal...

Sulfonic Acid‐Functionalized Zn Single‐Atom Catalysts With Dual Thiophilic and Sodiophilic Sites for High‐Performance Sodium−Sulfur Batteries

ABSTRACT Metal single‐atom catalysts (SACs) for sodium−sulfur (Na−S) batteries typically rely solely on thiophilic binding sites to interact with the polysulfide anions of sodium polysulfides (NaPSs), which intrinsically restricts their catalytic efficiency in sulfur redox reacti...

Transient Regulation of Crystallization via Volatile Additives to Obtain High‐Quality Perovskite Films

ABSTRACT Exact regulation of nucleation and crystallization kinetics is essential for fabricating high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, regulating the fast assembly of precursors without incorporating residual impurities presents a significant difficulty. We pr...

Optimizing soil moisture-triggered automated irrigation and nitrogen management in wheat–maize systems using RZWQM2

Climate change and water scarcity are major challenges to sustainable agriculture and crop productivity, especially with increasing global food demand around 70% by 2050. Excessive water and nitrogen use in agriculture accelerates environmental degradation and decreases crop wate...

From occlusion to 3D: amodal completion-assisted single-view wheat reconstruction

Occlusion is a major factor limiting accurate three-dimensional (3D) wheat phenotyping. In natural growth conditions, overlapping spikes, leaves, and stems often make only partial target regions visible in single-view images, hindering complete and reliable 3D reconstruction. To...