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Predicting Self-Harm Events After Emergency Department Visits Associated With Mental or Substance Use Disorder Diagnoses

OBJECTIVE: Using a machine learning model, the authors aimed to predict self-harm events within 90 days of an emergency department (ED) visit associated with a mental or substance use disorder diagnosis. METHODS: Electronic health record and claims data of patients ages ≥11 years...

Nicotine replacement therapy sampling for cigarette cessation in dental care: A National Dental Practice‐Based Research Network cluster randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cigarette smoking is detrimental to oral health. Oral health professionals rarely prescribe smoking cessation medications. Nicotine replacement therapy sampling (NRTS), providing brief starter courses of NRT, could improve provision of NRT and promote cessati...

Identifying incident medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw and antiresorptive drug holidays using natural language processing on clinical notes in men and women prescribed bisphosphonates or denosumab for fracture prevention

OBJECTIVE: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare complication of antiresorptive therapy for osteoporosis, with risk potentially influenced by "drug holidays" around dentoalveolar procedures. MRONJ risk is higher in rheumatic diseases. Epidemiologic studies...

Trends in annual medication possession in older adults with type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND: Older adults (≥65 years) make up a substantial portion of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and frequently experience multimorbidity requiring complex, costly medication regimens. Cost-related nonadherence is prevalent in this population because of fixed incomes,...

Effects of Biochar Feedstock and Co-Application with Organic Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil Carbon Pools and Inorganic Nitrogen Availability

Biochar can increase soil carbon (C) and nutrient retention, but application of raw biochar may reduce inorganic nitrogen (N) availability and crop yields. As a result, biochar is sometimes co-applied with organic fertilizers, though the efficacy of this practice for preventing d...

Implementation and evaluation of a technical support center for the Research to Enhance the Adaptation and Implementation of Health Systems Guidelines in LMICs [RAISE] initiative

Abstract Background Capacity-strengthening initiatives for health policy and systems research (HPSR) in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) are often designed with little consideration of LMIC stakeholder needs. We formed a Technical Support Centre to support research teams...

The Forcing Factors That Predict Obesity: A Cross‐Sectional Multilevel Machine Learning Model of US County‐Level Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: Variables predicting obesity are not limited to individual-level risk factors. The purpose of this study is to assess multilevel predictors of obesity prevalence. METHODS: US county-level datasets incorporating 34 variables were analyzed cross-sectionally using explain...

Targeting Metallo-β-Lactamases:Discovery ofNovel Dihydro-Chromeno Pyrrole (dCPs) Derivatives for Combating Drug-ResistantInfections

Abstract Clinically approved therapies have established that combining β-lactam antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitors is an effective strategy to counter antibiotic resistance; however, infections caused by metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) producing bacteria remain a critical unmet me...

Effectiveness of RSV Prevention Strategies in US Infants: 2024–2025

OBJECTIVE: In 2023, 2 products, a long-acting monoclonal antibody (nirsevimab) and maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination, were recommended in the United States to prevent severe RSV disease among infants in their first RSV season. Low uptake during the 2023 to 20...