Harbin Veterinary Research Institute

Prolonged exposure to atrazine through drinking water facilitates splenic apoptosis and induces exhaustion-like checkpoint upregulation in mice

Atrazine (ATR) is a widely used herbicide that persists in aquatic environments, raising concerns regarding its long-term immunotoxicity. As a central immune organ, the spleen represents a potential toxicological target, yet the impact of prolonged ATR ingestion via drinking wate...