German Sport University Cologne

Distinct contributions of expertise and automatization to higher dual-task performance: A cognitive–motor dual-task study in pianists

Abstract Dual-task studies consistently find that experts are better at performing two tasks at the same time than non-experts. Usually, this effect is explained by the high degree of skill automatization in experts, given that skills become increasingly automatized during later...

Effect Size Calculation Procedures in Exercise Intervention Meta-Analyses: A Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses require the calculation of effect sizes for all included studies. The most common experimental design in exercise intervention studies is the pre-post control design. A number of different approaches exist for calculating effect sizes for this design, an...

The effects of different guiding methods on ski-specific body posture of severely visually impaired and blind skiers

Abstract Physical activity for blind or severely visually impaired people requires specific support. In alpine skiing, the required support is commonly provided by a human guide. The aim of the current study was to investigate possible differences between common guiding strategie...

Optimal exercise dose in adults with chronic low back pain disorders: systematic review with dose-response network meta-analysis

Objective To quantify exercise dose-response relationships and estimate the optimal dose in adults with chronic low back pain disorders (CLBDs). Design Systematic review with random-effects model-based (non-linear) dose-response network meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed wi...

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography for Expedited Sample Clean‐Up in Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry Including Cholesterol as New Endogenous Reference Compound

ABSTRACT Doping control samples showing elevated urinary concentrations and concentration ratios of testosterone or testosterone metabolites are forwarded to isotope ratio mass spectrometry‐based determinations in order to differentiate between naturally elevated concentrations a...

Maintained critical flicker fusion frequency after acute hyperbaric hyperoxia at 140 kPa

Introduction: In diving medicine, critical flicker fusion frequency (cFFF) has been employed to assess alertness under varying ambient pressures and gas compositions, yet the effects of elevated oxygen partial pressure on cFFF performance underwater remain inconsistently characte...

No difference in core temperature or thermal sensation in male and female scuba divers using wetsuits or semi-drysuits in 22.6°C sea water

Introduction: Scuba diving in water below thermoneutral temperature (< 30°C) can reduce core temperature and impair comfort and performance. Semi-drysuits are presumed superior to wetsuits because they presumably limit water entry into the suits, but changes in core temperature a...

Percentile-Based Normative Standards for Strength Assessment Beyond Linear Bodyweight Multipliers in Competitive Powerlifters

Abstract Background Bodyweight multipliers (BM = L/M, where L denotes the absolute load lifted in kilograms and M the athlete's recorded body mass) represent the dominant benchmarking heuristic in strength and conditioning. However, because relative strength declines non-linearly...

Dual-task testing in adults with persistent postconcussive symptoms: a scoping review with conceptual mapping approach

Abstract Background Persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS) affect approximately 30% of individuals following mild traumatic brain injury, resulting in prolonged sensorimotor and cognitive disruptions. While traditional assessments focus on isolated subfunctions, they often fai...

The role of a major sport event for shaping gender-specific attitudes towards democracy

This study examines the role of the UEFA EURO 2024 in shaping women and men residents’ attitudes towards democracy. The German government adds a new perspective to the national soft power literature by considering a major sport event a tool for promoting democracy. Social role th...

Exploring self-regulatory processes in League of Legends using think-aloud

Although self-regulation is widely recognised as central to performance in traditional sport, esports research often relies on retrospective or self-report measures, offering limited insight into how players regulate cognition, emotion, and behaviour in real time. This novel stud...

Hypertension in obesity: A focus on individualized pharmacotherapy and the role of body composition, on behalf of the European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Diabetes and Metabolic Risk Factors and Working Group on Lifestyle, Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and Adherence

Hypertension in obesity represents a major global health challenge, closely linked to the global epidemics of obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction. Excess adiposity contributes to elevated blood pressure through multiple, interrelated mechanisms, including activatio...

Acute effects of the 1-minute sit-to-stand test (STST) on immune-metabolic stress indices

Abstract Characterizing the non-pathological, exercise-induced immune-metabolic stress regulation is important for understanding physiological adaptations and distinguishing them from maladaptive responses. Because such responses are mostly studied with extensive, resource-intens...

Same formation, different styles: An exploratory study of clustering playing style of teams in 4-3-3 formation in elite soccer

This study examined whether teams using identical formations display similar playing styles by integrating Phase of Play (PoP) indicators with clustering and explainable machine learning. Ninety-three observations from teams employing a 4-3-3 formation in the FIFA World Cup 2022...