Galala University

Clinical integration of trabecular bone score in precision osteoporosis care: a position statement by the Egyptian academy of bone and muscle health

Abstract Background Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mineral density (BMD) has long been the gold standard for osteoporosis diagnosis, yet its inability to account for bone quality leads to a significant “sensitivity gap” in fracture risk prediction. This posit...

Cold and hot tumors: immunological determinants, cancer-immunity cycle dysregulation, and nanotechnology-driven therapeutic approaches

Abstract Cancer remains a major global health burden and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have emphasized the critical role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in determining therapeutic outcomes, leading to the classificati...