Fondazione Pisa

Why do girls receive better grades in school? The role of students’ competencies, personality traits, school-related attitudes, and behaviour

This study investigates the gender gap in teacher-assigned grades in German and mathematics among 7th-grade students in Germany. Using rich data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS, N = 1,972 cases), we examine the extent to which observed differences in grades betwee...

Development and Internal Validation of a Clinical Risk Score for Hypovitaminosis D in Italian Adults Aged ≥50 Years Attending Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease Centers

Background/Objectives: Hypovitaminosis-D is a highly prevalent condition worldwide, associated with adverse skeletal and extra-skeletal outcomes. Increasing demand for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) testing points toward the need for simple tools to identify individuals at r...