Flagstaff Medical Center

Two C3/C4 vegetative boundaries and an expanding/contracting Chihuahuan Desert during the past 4000 yr at the Cañada Alamosa Archaeological Project Area, New Mexico

Carbon isotopic measurement (δ13C) as an indicator of C3 or C4 vegetation preserved in soil organic matter and pedogenic carbonate is an important tool for reconstructing paleoclimate. However, while δ13C values of C4 plants (−14‰) generally indicate warm-season grass, δ13C value...

Comparing demographic and neural-network-based representations of the black–white mortality hazard gap

Black–White disparities in U.S. mortality persist, but existing analyses may inherit a representational problem that I term inequitable error —socially patterned false-negative error that can obscure observed deaths among Black Americans even in the presence of significant averag...