Feinstein Institute for Medical Research

Exploring transcriptomic and genomic latent variable correction approaches in differential expression analysis

Abstract Background Differential expression analysis is a central tool for studying the biological processes altered in human diseases via transcriptomic signatures. However, transcriptomic datasets are systematically confounded by latent variables from two distinct sources: unme...

Nicotinamide Riboside for Patients With Early-Stage Parkinson Disease

Importance Nicotinamide riboside, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursor, has been proposed as a potential disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson disease based on preclinical and early studies. Whether prolonged oral nicotinamide riboside improves clinical outcomes in Par...

Evidence-based atlas of risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders: an umbrella review to inform personalized prognosis and prevention.

Identifying updated, evidence-based risk and protective factors for psychotic disorders is essential to advancing scientific and clinical knowledge of their etiology. Since the most recent umbrella review published in this journal, the evidence base has expanded substantially. Fo...

Artificial Intelligence–Based Detection of ARIA on MRI During Alzheimer Disease Therapy: Expert Opinion on Responsible Clinical Integration

Amyloid-targeted monoclonal antibody therapies have introduced a new era in the treatment of early Alzheimer disease. However, their use has increased the importance of detecting and monitoring amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) on MRI, as such findings may influence tr...

Large Language Models (LLMs) vs Manual Chart Review for Assessing Goal-Concordant Care: An Exploratory Study

BackgroundEvidence that advance care planning (ACP) improves goal-concordant care (GCC) remains limited. Challenges are lack of reproducible operational definition of GCC and labor-intensive nature of manual chart review.ObjectivesDevelop a structured approach to adjudicating GCC...

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and overlapping post-acute infection syndromes: international expert consensus framework for diagnostic standardization

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) lacks validated objective diagnostic criteria, leading to delayed diagnosis and inconsistent management. We aimed to establish an international expert consensus framework integrating measurable, risk-stratified assessmen...

Loss of M1 acetylcholine receptor-mediated orexinergic activity contributes to immune dysfunction in experimental sepsis

<title>Abstract</title> <italic>Background</italic>: Sepsis (life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection) causes millions of deaths worldwide annually. Sepsis-induced changes in brain regulatory functions remain understudied. Previous wo...

Extracellular CIRP Dysregulates Microglial Efferocytosis in Acute Ischemic Stroke via the TLR4/miR‐155/MafB Axis

ABSTRACT Efferocytosis, the phagocytic clearance of dying cells, by microglia is crucial for limiting neuroinflammation and promoting resolution in ischemic stroke. Extracellular cold‐inducible RNA‐binding protein (eCIRP) is an inflammatory mediator that impairs macrophage bacter...

Identification of robust speech-based markers of negative symptom severity in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

There is growing interest in using digital health technologies to overcome limitations of traditional negative symptom assessment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). For example, computerized speech analysis has been used to quantify speech and language changes associated...

Right hippocampal volume and attenuated psychotic symptoms distinguish subgroups of youth with common patterns of temporoparietal effective connectivity

Abstract Associations between patterns of brain connectivity and brain structural features have transdiagnostic relevance to psychopathology. There is considerable evidence for disruptions to the hippocampus and temporoparietal brain systems in psychotic disorders. The present st...