École Normale Supérieure

Cutoff phenomenon for asymmetric zero range process with monotone rates

We investigate the mixing time of the asymmetric Zero Range process on the segment with a nondecreasing rate. We establish that the cutoff holds in the totally asymmetric case with a convex flux, and also with a concave flux if the asymmetry is strong enough. We show that the mix...

On the Bias Distribution of Pseudo‐Linear Regression Algorithms for Recursive Identification

ABSTRACT This paper presents a detailed analysis of the asymptotic bias distribution of recursive identification schemes based on Pseudo‐Linear Regression. As shown in a previous article, the criterion asymptotically minimized is the variance of a non‐measurable signal (called th...

Interfacial Electric Fields in Water Nanodroplets Are Weakly Dependent on Curvature and pH

Abstract The origin of enhanced reactivity in aqueous microdroplets remains unresolved, with interfacial electric fields (IEFs) frequently proposed as catalytic drivers. Here, we present a quantum-mechanical, spatially resolved characterization of the electric field at air-water...

Neutralization titers reveal the structure of polyclonal antibody responses

The composition of a polyclonal antibody response is hard to measure experimentally but contains vital information about the robustness of immunity. Here, we argue that the statistics of neutralization titers alone can be used to make quantitative predictions about the compositio...

Universal random matrix behavior of a Fermionic quantum gas

Since its initial use by Wigner in describing heavy atom spectra, random matrix theory (RMT) has found applications and revealed universal laws in diverse physical contexts, from quantum field theory to disordered systems and wireless communications. A particularly compelling app...

Design, Synthesis and Biophysical Characterisation of CPP‐PNA Conjugates for Targeting Oncogenic microRNA‐221

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are a promising platform targeting disease-associated microRNAs due to their high binding affinity, excellent sequence specificity and resistance to enzymatic degradation. However, their therapeutic application is often limited by inefficient cellular...

Certified Hermite transmutation of C-regularized cosine functions: optimal scaling, intrinsic conditioning, and reconstruction from noisy heat snapshots

The Hermite expansion of an exponentially bounded $C$-regularized cosinefunction (Ameziane Hassani et al., 2024) reconstructs the whole solutionfamily of $u''=Wu$ from a single snapshot of the associated heat semigroup:a transmutation from diffusion to waves. We develop its compl...

Entomological and epidemiological trends during 5 years of combined indoor residual spraying and standard insecticide-treated nets in Kiremba, a malaria endemic site of Burundi

In Burundi, malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum is the leading cause of outpatient visit and hospital mortality. Anopheles gambiae s.l. and An. funestus s.l. are the primary malaria-transmitting vectors. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends large-scale insecticide-trea...

Revisiting evidence for an attentional tunneling effect caused by scarcity

Abstract People in poverty sometimes behave in ways that perpetuate their socioeconomic condition. By one influential account, these behaviors arise from psychological effects of scarcity on attention that create greater focus toward managing scarce resources, at the cost of atte...

Differentiable latent structure discovery for interpretable forecasting in clinical time series

Abstract Background Timely, uncertainty-aware forecasting from irregular electronic health records (EHR) can support critical-care decisions, yet most approaches either impute to a grid or sacrifice interpretability. We introduce StructGP, a continuous-time multi-task Gaussian pr...

On destructive memories and the role of language in living with one’s past

Abstract In the context of memory, the present paper investigates the consequences of undergoing a change concerning one’s ethical outlook. First, we motivate the idea that we can become alienated from our own memories by revisiting Bernard Williams’ idea of Relativism of distanc...

Uneven TCR chain pairing constraints govern epitope recognition

Combinatorial pairing of independently recombined T cell receptor (TCR) α- and β-chains is central to diversifying the TCR repertoire. Although sequence motifs in one chain correlate with epitope recognition, the extent to which a single chain dictates specificity remains unclear...

Testing the Effectiveness of Using Psychology-Intuitive Information to Promote Responsible AI: Information About the Training Set Shapes Perceptions of AI Algorithms in an Experimental Setting

Most of the tools currently available to promote responsible AI take a top-down approach, overlooking the role of intuitive perceptions of end users. However, emerging evidence shows that end users have preferences for specific algorithms, highlighting an alternative way to promo...

Effective Reproduction number of Conjunctivitis Viral Disease

Objectives: In this study, an SEIR mathematical model of conjunctivitis viral disease is formulated to analyze the effects of the control measures including social distancing and treatment. Method: The basic reproduction number is computed using the next generation matrix method...

Covalently Linked Peptides and Membrane Potential Enable CyaA Segment Translocation

The adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) from Bordetella pertussis intoxicates host cells by directly translocating its N-terminal catalytic domain across the plasma membrane; however, the forces driving this unique process remain poorly defined. Here, we dissect the membrane transloca...

Topologically Engineered DNA Origami: Responsive Locking of DNA Quadrilateral for Biosensing Application

Abstract DNA nanotechnology offers unique opportunities for creating various accurate and responsive nanostructures. Nevertheless, large-scale conformational changes with high geometric precision and efficiency remain major challenges. Herein we report a topologically engineered...