Duke-NUS Medical School

The global cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic burden from 1990 to 2023

Background The cardiovascular-kidney-liver-metabolic (CKLM) framework represents the multi-organ interplay of systemic metabolic disorders that drive the global burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods This study is a descriptive epidemiological analysis of the Global Bur...

Optic nerve head blood flow autoregulation during isometric exercise in primary open‐angle glaucoma assessed by laser speckle flowgraphy

Abstract Purpose To assess optic nerve head blood flow (ONHBF) autoregulation in patients with early‐ to moderate‐stage primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls using laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) and isometric handgrip exercise. Methods In t...

Challenges in deep learning-based small organ segmentation: A benchmarking perspective for medical research with limited datasets

Accurate segmentation of carotid artery structures in histopathological images is vital for cardiovascular disease research. This study systematically evaluates ten deep learning segmentation models including classical architectures, modern CNNs, a Vision Transformer, and foundat...

Codon Design Online (CoDOn): a comprehensive web application of synthetic gene design with multi-criteria and multi-parameters for heterologous expression

Codon optimization is a routine yet high-impact step in de novo gene design for heterologous expression and serves as an important tool in synthetic biology. Protein expression output depends on multiple sequence-level determinants, such as global codon-usage, codon-pair context,...

Characterizationof Dapalides D and E and GenomicComparison of the Two Co-Occurring Dapalide-Producing Dapis spp.

Abstract Marine cyanobacteria are a rich source of diverse bioactive natural products, targeting proteins involved in many diseases. Here, we combined metagenomic analysis to enhance the structure elucidation process of two new cyclodepsipeptides named dapalides D (1) and E (2) f...

Cross-sectional survey of perimenopausal women for menopause symptoms and attitudes in Singapore

OBJECTIVE: Menopause symptoms and experiences vary considerably between women and can be influenced by multiple biopsychosocial and cultural factors, age and ethnicity. This study investigated the symptoms and attitudes of perimenopausal women in Singapore. METHOD: Women aged 40-...

Age-Associated Patterns of Cardiovascular Risk and Disease Phenotypes Across Diverse Care Settings: The GLOB-cAGE Consortium

Reported prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and phenotypes varies widely. In multi-cohort analyses, such variation reflects population risk, care setting, and data capture. We harmonized baseline data from four analytic cohorts (N=54,188, aged ≥50 years) in f...

Evaluating large language model performance in US FDA regulatory science

Abstract Background Clinical and population decision-making relies on the systematic evaluation of extensive regulatory evidence. The FDA drug reviews provide detailed information on clinical trial design, enrollment criteria, sample size, randomization, comparators, endpoints, a...

Challenges in accessing health information among patients with uncontrolled hypertension in Singapore: a qualitative study

Accessing health information is the crucial first step before an individual can understand, appraise, and apply it to improve their health. Health information is important for patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension, where effective self-management is essential for di...

Characterisation of liver disease using quantitative MRI: report of the imaging arm of the ELEGANCE study

Evolving disease aetiology and rising prevalence of chronic liver disease are driving an increase in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Non-contrast quantitative MRI (qMRI) has shown promising capability for characterising liver health and risk of liver related outcomes, but has not...

Angiosarcoma: adaptive designs leveraging vascular biology and antiangiogenic repurposing

INTRODUCTION Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive vascular malignancy characterized by substantial clinical and molecular heterogeneity. Grouping UV-associated cutaneous, radiation-associated, and visceral tumors within unselected clinical trials may obscure treatment effects in...

Risk of new‐incident mental health diagnoses following SARS ‐ CoV ‐2 infection amongst children and young adults in Singapore: a retrospective cohort study

Background Mental‐health‐disorders in children/young adults increased post‐pandemic; however, the absence of linkage to COVID‐19 registries made direct attribution of psychological sequelae to acute infection challenging. Methods Healthcare‐claims databases in Singapore were util...

Professional identity formation of family medicine residents in Singapore: a qualitative study to identify influencing factors

BACKGROUND: Physician burnout and retention are critical challenges in Family Medicine (FM). Professional Identity Formation (PIF) in family physicians (FP) fosters resilience and job satisfaction but is often overlooked in residency training, particularly in predominantly hospit...