Czech Academy of Sciences, Global Change Research Institute

Enabling climate action: A nexus approach for delivering co-benefits across biodiversity, water, food, and health

Climate response options rarely affect biodiversity, water, food, and health in uniform ways. This comparative analysis examines why technically viable response options generate uneven cross-nexus outcomes, and how governance and justice conditions shape whether these outcomes be...

Unpacking enablers and disablers of transformation: Insights from Central and Eastern Europe as white spots on the global knowledge map

Calls for transformative change have become central to sustainability research and practice. However, most frameworks and empirical insights on how transformation occurs originate from Western Europe or the Global South. This uneven knowledge production leaves Central and Eastern...

Convection representation shapes how spectral nudging alters diagnosed land–atmosphere coupling in WRF simulations over the Carpathian Basin

The representation of land–atmosphere coupling remains a major source of uncertainty in regional climate simulations, yet the effects of routine configuration choices on diagnosed coupling are rarely isolated. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate...

Convection representation shapes how spectral nudging alters diagnosed land–atmosphere coupling in WRF simulations over the Carpathian Basin

The representation of land–atmosphere coupling remains a major source of uncertainty in regional climate simulations, yet the effects of routine configuration choices on diagnosed coupling are rarely isolated. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to investigate...

Behavioural and contextual drivers of agri-environmental schemes adoption among large-scale farms in Czechia

Agriculture substantially contributes to environmental and climate change, with agri-environmental schemes (AES) often used to reduce the associated impacts. In the EU, they are publicly funded, voluntary and incentivised through financial payments, but they can encounter resista...

Food Security Versus Environmental Health: The Nitrogen Dilemma

ABSTRACT Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and, consequently, crop production. However, the cycling of nitrogen in the environment can have negative effects. Here, we review the historical development of scientific and public awareness of these effects and the inf...

Increased maximum carbon release offsets half of the growth trend in annual land carbon sink

The terrestrial carbon sink has strengthened in recent decades through enhanced maximum CO2 uptake (MCU) and a longer carbon uptake period (CUP), whereas maximum CO2 release (MCR) remains less quantified. Using atmospheric inversion estimates and 16 terrestrial biosphere models,...

Environmental drivers of litter- and soil-dwelling springtail communities across European forests, assessed by morphotaxonomy and soil DNA metabarcoding

Springtails are abundant in forest litter and soils, where they play a crucial role in the transformation and decomposition of organic matter. However, most data on springtail communities originates from studies at the local and regional levels, while larger-scale studies are lac...

Exposure of settlements to wildfires in a transboundary wildland–urban interface region in Central Europe

Abstract. Climate change has been causing a noticeable rise in disastrous wildfires in Mediterranean and temperate forests. Although forest fires were of smaller size and less concern in Central Europe than for example in the Mediterranean, the region has recently experienced lar...

Rapid Declinesin European Traffic NO x and NMVOC EmissionsRevealed by Eddy-Covarianceand Remote Sensing

Abstract Reliable quantification of anthropogenic emission trends remains a major uncertainty in air-quality and climate assessments. Here we present nearly a decade of eddy-covariance flux measurements of NOx, nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and CO2 in the Alpine...